Dana N Abdelrahim, Salah Eddine El Herrag, Meghit Boumediene Khaled, Hadia Radwan, Farah Naja, Refat Alkurd, Moien A B Khan, Falak Zeb, Katia H AbuShihab, Lana Mahrous, Khaled Obaideen, Faiza Kalam, Frank Granata Iv, Mohamed Madkour, MoezAlIslam E Faris
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Furthermore, the literature on the associations between RF, meal timing, and energy and macronutrient intakes is inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aimed to estimate the effect sizes of RF on energy and macronutrient intakes (carbohydrates, protein, fats, dietary fiber, and water) and determine the effect of different moderators on the examined outcomes.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>The Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest Medical, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to January 31, 2022.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The studies that assessed energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, and water intakes pre- and post-fasting were extracted.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Of the 4776 identified studies, 85 relevant studies (n = 4594 participants aged 9-85 y) were selected. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:斋月斋戒(RF)与斋戒穆斯林的各种生理和代谢变化有关。然而，目前尚不清楚这些影响是否可归因于进餐时间的改变或饮食能量和大量营养素摄入量的变化。此外，关于RF、用餐时间、能量和大量营养素摄入之间关系的文献尚无定论。目的:本系统综述旨在估计射频对能量和大量营养素摄入(碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维和水)的影响大小，并确定不同调节剂对研究结果的影响。数据来源:检索了Cochrane、CINAHL、EMBASE、EBSCOhost、谷歌Scholar、PubMed/MEDLINE、ProQuest Medical、Scopus、ScienceDirect和Web of Science数据库，检索时间从成立到2022年1月31日。数据提取:提取空腹前后评估能量、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、纤维和水摄入量的研究。数据分析:在4776项确定的研究中，选择了85项相关研究(n = 4594名9-85岁的参与者)。研究变量的效应量如下:能量(研究数[K] = 80, n = 3343名参与者;平均差[MD]: -142.45;95%置信区间[CI]: -215.19， -69.71)，碳水化合物(K = 75, n = 3111;MD: -23.90;95%置信区间:-36.42,-11.38),蛋白(n = 3108 K = 74;MD: -4.21;95% CI: -7.34， -1.07)，脂肪(K = 73, n = 3058;MD: -2.03;95% CI: -5.73, 1.67)，纤维(K = 16, n = 1198;MD: 0.47;95%置信区间:-1.44,2.39),水(n = 772 K = 17日;MD: -350.80;95% ci: -618.09, 83.50)。亚组分析显示，年龄显著调节了6种饮食结果，体育活动显著调节了饮水量。在RF期间，能量、碳水化合物和蛋白质的摄入量显著减少。结论:进餐时间的改变，而不是定量饮食摄入的改变，可以解释RF相关的各种生理和健康影响。
Changes in energy and macronutrient intakes during Ramadan fasting: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.
Context: Ramadan fasting (RF) is associated with various physiological and metabolic changes among fasting Muslims. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are attributable to changes in meal timing or changes in dietary energy and macronutrient intakes. Furthermore, the literature on the associations between RF, meal timing, and energy and macronutrient intakes is inconclusive.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to estimate the effect sizes of RF on energy and macronutrient intakes (carbohydrates, protein, fats, dietary fiber, and water) and determine the effect of different moderators on the examined outcomes.
Data sources: The Cochrane, CINAHL, EMBASE, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest Medical, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to January 31, 2022.
Data extraction: The studies that assessed energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, and water intakes pre- and post-fasting were extracted.
Data analysis: Of the 4776 identified studies, 85 relevant studies (n = 4594 participants aged 9-85 y) were selected. The effect sizes for the studied variables were as follows: energy (number of studies [K] = 80, n = 3343 participants; mean difference [MD]: -142.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -215.19, -69.71), carbohydrates (K = 75, n = 3111; MD: -23.90; 95% CI: -36.42, -11.38), protein (K = 74, n = 3108; MD: -4.21; 95% CI: -7.34, -1.07), fats (K = 73, n = 3058; MD: -2.03; 95% CI: -5.73, 1.67), fiber (K = 16, n = 1198; MD: 0.47; 95% CI: -1.44, 2.39), and water (K = 17, n = 772; MD: -350.80; 95% CI: -618.09, 83.50). Subgroup analyses showed age significantly moderated the 6 dietary outcomes, and physical activity significantly moderated water intake. There were significant reductions in energy, carbohydrate, and protein intakes during RF.
Conclusions: The change in meal timing rather than quantitative dietary intake may explain various physiological and health effects associated with RF.
期刊介绍：
Nutrition Reviews is a highly cited, monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that specializes in the publication of authoritative and critical literature reviews on current and emerging topics in nutrition science, food science, clinical nutrition, and nutrition policy. Readers of Nutrition Reviews include nutrition scientists, biomedical researchers, clinical and dietetic practitioners, and advanced students of nutrition.
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