Mannose‐binding lectin gene polymorphism and its effect on short term outcomes in preterm infants

Objective

Mannose‐binding lectin, which belongs to the collectin family, is an acute‐phase reactant that activates the complement system. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MBL2 gene polymorphism on short‐term outcomes in preterm infants.

Method

Infants of <37 gestational weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit during a two‐year period were enrolled in this prospective study. The neonates were categorized into two groups according to their MBL2 genotypes. Normal MBL2 genotype was defined as MBL2 wild‐type (AA genotype), whereas mutant MBL2 genotype was defined as MBL2 variant‐type (AO/OO genotype). The relationship between MBL2 genotype and short‐term morbidity and mortality was evaluated.

Results

During the two‐year study period, 116 preterm infants were enrolled in this study. In MBL2 variant‐type, mannose‐binding lectin levels were significantly lower and incidences of mannose‐binding lectin deficiency (MBL level < 700 ng/mL) were higher (p < 0.001). In this group, the prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome and mortality was significantly higher (p < 0.001, p = 0.03 respectively). In the MBL2 wild‐type group, the prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was higher (p = 0.01). Logistic regression analyses revealed that MBL2 variant‐type had a significant effect on respiratory distress syndrome development (odds ratio, 5.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.2–11.9; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

MBL2 variant‐type and mannose‐binding lectin deficiency are important risk factors for respiratory distress syndrome development in preterm infants. Additionally, there is an association between MBL2 wild‐type and NEC. Further studies on this subject are needed.