Enrichment characteristics and metallogenic significance of rare elements in Zambia: Based on 1:1,000,000 geochemical mapping

The Sino–Zambian Cooperation Project has filled the gap in Zambia national-scale geochemical mapping, providing basic geochemical guarantees for Zambia's basic geology, mineral development, environmental protection, agricultural production and other aspects. This article aims to reveal the distribution characteristics of its rare elements (Li, Be, Nb, Rb, Sr). The median value of Li, Be, Nb, Rb and Sr is 4.94 × 10⁻⁶, 0.65 × 10⁻⁶, 7.50 × 10⁻⁶, 33.00 × 10⁻⁶ and 21.90 × 10⁻⁶, respectively. The median and average values of the Irumide Belt, Zambezi Belt, Choma-Kalomo Block and Hook Granite Complex are higher than other tectonic belts, showing that rare elements are enriched in those areas. The distribution of element anomaly areas is mainly related to the distribution characteristics of granite type rare metal mineralization occurrences, and a small number of anomaly areas are controlled by salt lake brine-type mineralization occurrences. A total of five rare metal geochemical anomalies have been delineated respectively based on the 85% cumulative percentage of rare elements (Li, Be, Nb, Rb, Sr). The metallogenic prospective area delineated based on the comprehensive anomaly area of rare elements will provide an important reference for searching for rare metal deposits in this area.