变革经验中的风险价值

IF 1.3 2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY
Petronella Randell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

风险是许多(如果不是全部的话)变革决策所固有的。后悔的风险,变成一个你现在认为在道德上令人反感的人的风险,或者价值观改变的风险,都是选择转变的风险。变革性决策的这一方面迄今为止一直被忽视,但对于那些希望捍卫决策理论免受变革性决策挑战的人来说,它具有重要的后果。我认为,问题在于一种用于对效用进行基数化的常用方法——冯·诺伊曼和摩根斯特恩(vNM)方法——它衡量的是智能体在确定结果上的效用函数。我认为,涉及变革经验的风险在本质上是有价值的,因此它们的价值不能用vNM方法精确地衡量。在第1节中,我概述了什么是变革经验,以及它们给决策理论带来的问题。在第2节中,我概述了Pettigrew(2019年,选择改变自我)的决策理论反应,在第3节中,我提出了认为风险可以带来价值的案例。在第4节中,我论证了至少一些变革经历涉及构成风险的说法。我认为这会导致第5节中vNM框架中的决策理论响应问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Value of Risk in Transformative Experience
Abstract Risk is inherent to many, if not all, transformative decisions. The risk of regret, of turning into a person you presently consider to be morally objectionable, or of value change are all risks of choosing to transform. This aspect of transformative decision-making has thus far been ignored, but carries important consequences to those wishing to defend decision theory from the challenge posed by transformative decision-making. I contend that a problem lies in a common method used to cardinalise utilities – the von Neumann and Morgenstern (vNM) method – which measures an agent's utility function over sure outcomes. I argue that the risks involved in transformative experiences are constitutively valuable, and hence their value cannot be accurately measured by the vNM method. In Section 1, I outline what transformative experiences are and the problem they pose to decision theory. In Section 2, I outline Pettigrew's (2019, Choosing for Changing Selves ) decision-theoretic response, and in Section 3, I present the case for thinking that risks can carry value. In Section 4, I argue for the claim that at least some transformative experiences involve constitutive risk. I argue that this causes a problem for decision-theoretic responses within the vNM framework in Section 5.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
11.80%
发文量
48
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