36 个月以下儿童执行功能评估的进展与挑战：范围界定综述

IF 1.3 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI:10.1007/s41252-023-00366-x

Valeria Escobar-Ruiz, Pedro I. Arias-Vázquez, Carlos A. Tovilla-Zárate, Eduardo Doval, Maria C. Jané-Ballabriga

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标神经发育障碍表现为执行功能（EFs）的缺陷。在儿童 36 个月大之前，执行功能作为一种基本能力，可使儿童在以后的年龄阶段具备适当的执行功能。在儿童 36 个月大之前，可对三种基本执行功能进行评估：工作记忆、抑制和认知灵活性。本综述旨在概述在儿童 36 个月大之前评估这三种基本执行功能的进展和困难。筛选过程采用了范围界定综述的 PRISMA 流程图。结果在 277 项研究中，有 16 项符合纳入标准。我们总结了这些研究的一般数据，如样本年龄、研究类型、测量特征、评估的 EFs 类型、任务名称、内部结构、可靠性和主要贡献。对现有任务和量表、因子结构、生物和环境因素以及影响 36 个月前幼儿情绪的变量的研究结果进行了描述。单维模型似乎能更好地解释 36 个月前的幼儿情绪。扩大大样本的心理测量研究和对有神经发育障碍风险症状的儿童样本的研究可能有助于改善36个月大前的EFs测量。

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Advances and Challenges in the Assessment of Executive Functions in Under 36 Months: a Scoping Review

Objectives

Neurodevelopmental disorders present deficits in executive functions (EFs). Before 36 months old, EFs act as basic abilities that allow adequate executive functioning at later ages. Three basic EFs are assessable before the child reaches 36 months old: working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. This review aims to provide an overview of the progress and difficulties in assessing these three basic executive functions before children reach 36 months old.

Methods

Four databases were systematically searched without time or language limitations. The selection process was done using a PRISMA flowchart for scoping reviews. Sixteen studies were included, all in English and published between 2004 and 2021.

Results

Out of 277 studies, 16 met the inclusion criteria. The general data of the studies were summarized, such as sample age, type of study, measurement features, types of EFs assessed, task names, internal structure, reliability, and main contributions. The findings on available tasks and scales, factor structure, biological and environmental factors, and the variables influencing EFs before 36 months old are described.

Conclusions

Multiple factors influenced the evolution of EFs. The unidimensional model seems to better explain EFs before 36 months old. Expanding psychometric research with large samples and studying samples of children with symptoms at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders may help to improve the measurement of EFs before 36 months old.

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来源期刊

Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Social Sciences-Social Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders publishes high-quality research in the broad area of neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan. Study participants may include individuals with:Intellectual and developmental disabilitiesGlobal developmental delayCommunication disordersLanguage disordersSpeech sound disordersChildhood-onset fluency disorders (e.g., stuttering)Social (e.g., pragmatic) communication disordersUnspecified communication disordersAutism spectrum disorder (ASD)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specified and unspecifiedSpecific learning disordersMotor disordersDevelopmental coordination disordersStereotypic movement disorderTic disorders, specified and unspecifiedOther neurodevelopmental disorders, specified and unspecifiedPapers may also include studies of participants with neurodegenerative disorders that lead to a decline in intellectual functioning, including Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration, Huntington’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The journal includes empirical, theoretical and review papers on a large variety of issues, populations, and domains, including but not limited to: diagnosis; incidence and prevalence; and educational, pharmacological, behavioral and cognitive behavioral, mindfulness, and psychosocial interventions across the life span. Animal models of basic research that inform the understanding and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders are also welcomed. The journal is multidisciplinary and multi-theoretical, and encourages research from multiple specialties in the social sciences using quantitative and mixed-method research methodologies.