Assessment of prescribing trends and risk of antiviral drugs in inpatients of tertiary care hospital

Antiviral agents are crucial for managing viral infections, serving various roles, from prevention to treatment. Understanding their prescription patterns and risks is vital for optimizing clinical use. This study aims to observe prescription patterns and assess risks associated with antiviral drugs among inpatients at a tertiary care hospital. Objectives include evaluating prescription patterns across departments, identifying commonly prescribed antivirals, and monitoring associated risks. A prospective observational study was conducted over six months at a 450-bed tertiary care hospital. Inpatients receiving one or more antiviral drugs were included; ICU and outpatient cases were excluded. Medical records from over 100 patients were evaluated, with prescription trends and risk data recorded in a standard form. Data analysis utilizes graphical methods. The study found that 52% of participants were female, with most in the 61-70 and >80 age groups. Oseltamivir was the most frequently prescribed antiviral (56.5%), predominantly in the general medicine department (47.8%). Antivirals were commonly prescribed for lower respiratory tract infections (38.3%) in capsule form (35.6%). Most prescriptions were for lower respiratory tract infections in the general department (47.8%), including COVID-19 cases. No significant drug interactions were detected. Based on analysis of 115 prescriptions, this study revealed Oseltamivir as the most commonly prescribed antiviral, mainly for lower respiratory tract infections. Antiviral drugs were deemed safe for treatment, with no significant risks identified. The research underscored common antiviral use among the geriatric population. Overall, this study provides insights into prescription trends and risk assessment, enhancing understanding and safe use of antiviral agents in a tertiary care hospital.