Gallic Acid: A Wonderful Remedy in Medicinal Field

Abstract: GA (Gallic acid) belongs to the phenolic molecule that is naturally present in plants, and has an assortment of medicinal benefits on inflammation, obesity, cancer, the heart, neurological system, and the proliferation of cells. In more recent research, the anti-cancer effects via biological mechanisms such as angiogenesis, migration, metastasis, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis have been demonstrated. Anti-cancer activities of gallic acid are affected through the biological methods which involve reluctance of tumor migration, inflammation, etc. Numerous degenerative diseases, namely blood-vascular, ageing, inflammatory contagion and malignancy are brought on owing to the free radical damage because of the excess amount of free radicals produced and accretion. We carried out a comprehensive examination of the literature employing the expression of gallic acid. To review the most current advancements and clinical investigations for the pharmacological effects of gallic acid, recognized research from various reputable organizations and sites including Scopus, ClinicalTrails.gov, Science Direct, and PubMed were analyzed. This review, which offers a succinct description of gallic acid, updates the contents of clinical research and patent data, it brings forth the elaborate attainment regarding the various abundant therapeutic efficacies along with the extraction methodology of the drug that is used to obtain it, including microwave-assisted extraction and maceration extraction, among others, as well as non-chromatographic and chromatographic techniques for its isolation and quantification. Antifungal, antiulcer, antiviral, anticancer, and antibacterial properties are just a few of the pharmacological effects of naturally occurring gallic acid.