新殖民主义是热带非洲国家伊斯兰教激进化的驱动因素

IF 0.1 Q3 HISTORY
Sergey Kostelyanets
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在20世纪50 - 70年代大多数非洲国家获得政治主权之后,非洲大陆开始了新殖民主义时代,其主要特征是昔日的大都市对前殖民地进行大规模的经济剥削。反过来,新殖民主义列强对获得解放的非洲国家政治发展进程的积极干预导致了武装冲突和战争频繁爆发的旧原因和先决条件的保留和新原因和先决条件的出现,以及部落和教派间矛盾的加剧。对非洲国家的安全构成重大威胁的新殖民主义的表现之一是伊斯兰教的激进化,伊斯兰教在非洲的追随者人数在该大陆的一些区域达到6.5亿。非洲迅速伊斯兰化的后果和原因是伊斯兰国(IS,在俄罗斯联邦被禁止)的省(村)的出现,这些省(村)很容易获得最贫穷的穆斯林的支持,他们对政府无力或根本不抵制新殖民主义剥削的政策感到不满。本论文的作者关注的是,在非洲国家新殖民主义依赖的条件下,伊斯兰教激进化的因素和情况,迄今为止还没有得到充分的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neocolonialism as a Driver of Radicalization of Islam in Tropical African Countries
After the gaining of political sovereignty by most African countries in the 1950—1970s, the era of neocolonialism began on the continent, characterized primarily by the large-scale economic exploitation of former colonies by erstwhile metropolitan countries. In turn, the active intervention of neocolonial powers in the processes of political development of liberated African states led to the preservation of old and the emergence of new causes and prerequisites for the frequent outbreak of armed conflicts and wars, as well as the aggravation of tribal and inter-confessional contradictions. One of the manifestations of neocolonialism, which poses a major threat to the security of African countries, has been the radicalization of Islam, the number of followers of which in Africa reaches 650 million, in a number of regions of the continent. The consequence and at the same time the cause of the rapid Islamization of Africa has been the emergence of provinces (vilayats) of the Islamic State (IS, banned in the Russian Federation), which have easily been gaining the support of the poorest Muslims, dissatisfied with policies of governments that resist neocolonial exploitation either feebly or not at all. The authors of the present paper focus on the factors and circumstances of the radicalization of Islam under the conditions of neocolonial dependence of African countries that have not been sufficiently studied to date.
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CiteScore
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