Spontaneous improvement of lateral spondylolisthesis on scoliosis after correction of scoliosis deformity

Introduction: By definition, scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. From the etiologic, scoliosis can be divided into three kinds, congenital scoliosis, neuromuscular scoliosis, and the most common type, idiopathic scoliosis. Several patients experience spondylolisthesis concomitant with scoliosis. Understanding the pathoanatomic of these two abnormalities is very important to achieve optimal treatment. The problem lies in the extent to which vertebral instrumentation is necessary.Case presentation: The authors describe five idiopathic scoliosis patients with spondylolisthesis. We also used the Lenke classification to categorize these patients. The patient came with the complaint of a crooked back. All patients did not complain of back pain. The patients were diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis from the physical and radiological examination. Concomitant spondylolisthesis was found in all five patients. The surgeon decided to perform deformity correction surgery followed by posterior stabilization fusion for scoliosis. There is no specific corrective surgery for the patients' spondylolisthesis.Discussion and Conclusion: Scoliosis has its challenges for orthopedic spine surgeons. Many things must be assessed in scoliosis, such as history, physical examination, full spine x-ray evaluation, Lenke classification, and instrumentation measures. Spondylolisthesis associated with scoliosis generally occurs in the lower lumbar segment. The pathoanatomic of spondylolisthesis concomitant with scoliosis was divided into two kinds and can be grouped according to three theories. Each of these theories will lead to appropriate treatment actions. Deformity correction is aimed at one pathoanatomic but improves both abnormalities if the appropriate treatment is taken.