兴趣作为天赋检测的辅助标准:小学年龄不同类型儿童的识别

IF 1.5 4区 教育学 Q3 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM
Fabienne Spies, Larissa Heger, Tim Bindel, Mark Pfeiffer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前,设计一种有效的天才检测方法的努力现在集中在儿童的不同兴趣(偏好)上,而不仅仅是他们与运动相关的运动技能(能力)。当使用以人为本的方法时,重要的是要分析不同类型的运动提供,有效地针对相关群体并防止辍学。本研究的目的是探讨在小学背景下,在兴趣和能力方面可能识别的类型。采用顺序设计方法对159名儿童(8-11.5岁)进行了评估,以确定他们的兴趣和能力。在视频辅助采访中,“偏好”以7分的李克特量表打分。“能力”是通过七项与运动相关的运动技能测试来评估的。混合方法方法包括定量步骤1,聚类分析(SPSS27, Ward方法,平方欧几里德距离)。基于聚类,在步骤2中进行了深入的定性访谈。分析显示,五组儿童在能力和兴趣方面表现出显著差异。定性访谈澄清了这些类型的特征(例如,对娱乐活动的特殊兴趣,或对自己表现好坏的高水平竞争的特殊兴趣),并描述了他们的经历和愿望。数据表明,儿童的兴趣是由积极的经验和先验知识决定的。学校、体育实践和体育科学都面临着在天赋发现的早期阶段对具有不同能力和偏好组合的儿童做出适当反应的任务。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Interest as a supplementary criterion in the detection of talent: The identification of differing types of children at primary school age
Current efforts to design an effective method of detecting talent are now focused on the differing interests of children (preferences) and not just their sport-related motor skills (ability). When a person-oriented approach is used, it is important to profile different types to design movement offers that effectively target the relevant groups and prevent dropouts. The aim of this study was to investigate in the elementary school context what types it is possible to identify in terms of both interests and ability. A total of 159 children (age 8–11.5) were assessed to determine their interests and their ability using a sequential design approach. ‘Preferences’ were scored on a seven-point Likert scale during a video-assisted interview. ‘Ability’ was assessed using seven sport-related motor skills tests. The mixed-methods approach consisted of a quantitative step 1, a cluster analysis (SPSS27, Ward's method, squared Euclidean distance). Based on the clusters, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted in step 2. Analysis revealed five clusters of children that exhibited significant differences in terms of ability and interests. The qualitative interviews clarify the characteristics of the types (e.g. special interest in recreational activities or in competing at a high level with high or low own performance) and describe their experiences and desires. The data indicates that children's interests are determined by positive experiences and prior knowledge. Schools, sports practice, and sports science are faced with the task of responding suitably to children with different combinations of ability and preferences in the early phase of talent detection.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
15.80%
发文量
208
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching is a peer-reviewed, international, academic/professional journal, which aims to bridge the gap between coaching and sports science. The journal will integrate theory and practice in sports science, promote critical reflection of coaching practice, and evaluate commonly accepted beliefs about coaching effectiveness and performance enhancement. Open learning systems will be promoted in which: (a) sports science is made accessible to coaches, translating knowledge into working practice; and (b) the challenges faced by coaches are communicated to sports scientists. The vision of the journal is to support the development of a community in which: (i) sports scientists and coaches respect and learn from each other as they assist athletes to acquire skills by training safely and effectively, thereby enhancing their performance, maximizing their enjoyment of the sporting experience and facilitating character development; and (ii) scientific research is embraced in the quest to uncover, understand and develop the processes involved in sports coaching and elite performance.
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