IMPROVEMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF DURUM WHEAT CULTIVATION IN THE ZONE OF THE CHERNOZEM SOUTHERN IN THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

The conducted research allowed us to identify new approaches in the technology of improving the cultivation of durum wheat in the southern chernozem zone, which are aimed not only at increasing the yield and quality characteristics of this crop, but also to show new ways to preserve and increase soil fertility. In experimental surveys, both zoned varieties of spring (Krasnokutka 13 - control, Don elegy) and winter (Aksinite and Agate of the Don) durum wheat were studied. The experimental part was carried out in 2018...2021 on the territory of the farm "Eliseev A.N.", which is located in the chernozem zone of the southern Mikhailovsky district of the Volgograd region. The norms of mineral nutrition for yields of 2.00, 4.00 and 6.00 t/ha were calculated. The long-term experience has shown that biofertilizers (Benefit +, Gumi 20) can compete with mineral nutrition to obtain a given yield of durum wheat. The use of biofertilizer Gumi 20 contributed to a yield of 3.11 t / ha in the Don Elegia variety, and in winter durum wheat Axinite up to 3.73 t / ha. The highest yield level has Axinite), which amounted to 5.96 t/ha (with a planned yield of 6.00 t/ha). On the spring durum wheat variety, the maximum yield was achieved in the Don Elegia variety (5.03 t/ha) on the Gumi 20+N221P87K135 variant.