A bio-inspired algorithm for enhancing DNA cryptography

In this era, information security plays a crucial and sensitive task as this data is potentially vulnerable such that different types of attacks may happen and affects the data. This paper presents a new hybrid cryptosystem for DNA cryptography based on GA and a coding table. The encryption algorithm provides multi-layer security (jamming with spiral matrix, generating coding table, coding of DNA characters, XOR-crossover operation) for DNA sequence. The decryption algorithm follows these steps: binary and segment the ciphertext, applied XOR-crossover operation, Transform each block to ASCII code, decoding of characters, remove jamming and generate the plaintext. The performance evaluation of this algorithm is based on confusion and diffusion, avalanche effect, and encryption time. The experimental results show that these algorithms yield an average time 0.835 ms/0.78 ms for 1,000 bases. The result shows outperformance in security and a weak correlation coefficient between ciphertexts generated and plaintext.