A Mathematical Model Relating Foam Material Properties to Heightened Interface Pressure between a Human and Mattress Surface

Hospital patients often develop pressure injuries when lying in bed for an extended time due to relatively high contact pressures breaking down skin tissues. Pressure injuries adversely affect patients by potentially leading to infection and creating advanced health risks. Our prior research identified children experience highest risk of pressure ulcer in the head region. Thus, this study aimed to gather pressure data and create a corresponding model relating foam material properties to predicted interface pressure between the head and a foam mattress overlay surface. Research findings provide data guiding clinicians and designers to mattresses with material properties capable of reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers in children and adults.