Relationship between Serum Magnesium & Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Foot Ulcer

DBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with various complications, including foot ulcer. Dyslipidemia and hypomagnesemia are common in T2DM patients and may contribute to the development of complications. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum magnesium level and lipid profile in T2DM patients with and without foot ulcer. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIRDEM Academy, Dhaka, Bangladesh, involving 120 T2DM patients. Participants were divided into two groups: Group A (T2DM patients with foot ulcer, n=60) and Group B (T2DM patients without foot ulcer, n=60). Serum magnesium level and lipid profile were measured, and their correlations were analyzed. Result: Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of serum magnesium level and lipid profile. Group A had a higher prevalence of hypomagnesemia (69.6%) compared to Group B (30.4%). Elevated level of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and LDL cholesterol were also observed in Group A. A significant positive correlation was found between serum magnesium level and total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in Group A, while no significant correlation was observed in Group B. Conclusion: The study revealed that T2DM patients with foot ulcers are more likely to have hypomagnesemia and dyslipidemia compared to those without foot ulcer. A significant correlation between serum magnesium level and lipid profile was observed in patients with foot ulcer. These findings may have important implications for the management and prevention of complications in T2DM patients and warrant further investigation through longitudinal studies.