埃塞俄比亚的塔纳-贝勒斯项目与后殖民人道主义的形成,1938-1994

IF 0.8 1区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Silvia Salvatici
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文以塔纳-贝勒斯项目为例——这是意大利为应对1980年代埃塞俄比亚饥荒而资助的一项计划——来证明后帝国时代的国际救济政策和做法是与殖民历史交织在一起的。后殖民人道主义的出现,是殖民实践和关系向新政策的转变,这种转变不仅取决于前大都市的利益,也取决于新独立国家的利益和国际组织的议程。此外,本文认为,私营公司在形成后殖民人道主义方面发挥了突出作用,因为它们可以从捐助国的有利政策和它们与受援国当局长期建立的关系中受益。最后,塔纳-贝勒斯项目的历史使我们能够在更大的时间框架内重新解读国际社会对埃塞俄比亚饥荒的反应。一方面,这似乎植根于之前的殖民时期,另一方面,它也包含了饥荒期间启动的计划、关系和战略得到进一步发展的那些年。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Tana-Beles Project in Ethiopia and the Making of Postcolonial Humanitarianism, 1938–1994
Abstract This article takes the example of the Tana-Beles project – a scheme sponsored by Italy to respond to the 1980s famine in Ethiopia – to demonstrate that postimperial international relief policies and practices were woven into the very fabric of the colonial past. Postcolonial humanitarianism emerges as the transformation of colonial practices and relationships into new policies, which did not depend on the interests only of former metropoles, but also of the new independent states and on the agenda of international organizations. Furthermore, this article contends that private companies had a prominent role in shaping postcolonial humanitarianism because they could benefit from both the favourable policies of donor countries and the relationships they established in the long run with the authorities of recipient countries. Finally, the history of the Tana-Beles project enables us to re-read the international response to the Ethiopian famine within a larger timeframe. On the one hand, this appears to be rooted in the previous colonial period, on the other it embraces the years thereafter when the schemes, relationships, and strategies set in motion during the famine were developed further.
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来源期刊
Historical Journal
Historical Journal Multiple-
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
39
期刊介绍: The Historical Journal continues to publish papers on all aspects of British, European, and world history since the fifteenth century. The best contemporary scholarship is represented. Contributions come from all parts of the world. The journal aims to publish some thirty-five articles and communications each year and to review recent historical literature, mainly in the form of historiographical reviews and review articles. The journal provides a forum for younger scholars making a distinguished debut as well as publishing the work of historians of established reputation.
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