Hepatoprotective role of Nanourcumin and Pumpkin seed oil in Trichinella Spiralis infection: pathogenesis and modulation of matrix metaloproteinasis (MMP9)

Background : Trichinella spirals is a unique zoonotic parasite have two phases during its life cycle, enteral and parenteral phase. To the best of our knowledge, few literatures have been demonstrated the effect of T. spirals infection on hepatic tissue. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of Nanocurcumin and Pumpkin oil, as natural compounds, against the hepatic pathogenesis and MMP-9 production during T. spirals infection compared to Albendazole. Methods : One hundred and twenty mice were divided into four groups: the control group, the infected untreated group, the Nanocurcumin treated group, the Pumpkin treated group, and the Albendazole treated group. Histology and Immunohistochemical techniques were applied. Results : The infected untreated group showed acute liver inflammation with coagulative necrosis during the enteral and parenteral phase of infection. The treated groups showed more or less normal hepatic tissue, however necrobiotic changes were observed in the Pumpkin treated group. The immunohistochmical staining showed significant reduction in the expression of MMP-9 in the treated groups. Conclusion : Our results suggests that Nanocurcumin could effectively against hepatic inflammation associated with T. spirals infection through reduction MMP-9 activity. However, the present results suggested that Nanocurcumin exhibited high efficacy compared to the Pumpkin seed oil. Additional research and clinical studies are necessary to validate these findings and determine the practical applications of these treatment strategies .