{"title":"19世纪灵歌的数字化出版物","authors":"Chris Fenner","doi":"10.1017/s147940982300037x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Compilers and editors of hymnals and scholars of hymnology have often lacked suitable tools for identifying the earliest sources of spirituals, or even key sources that serve as models for later arrangements. In the twenty-first century, the development of internet-based repositories of digital books has enabled the ability to search for publications of spirituals using strings of lyrics or keywords, but more importantly, these repositories allow researchers to examine the relevant sources and glean contextual information about those spirituals beyond what might exist in any list or index. Although African slaves had been present in North America since 1619, this unique musical artform was not considered a national treasure worth preserving and publishing until the onset of the Civil War, thus any study of sources of antebellum plantation spirituals really begins at the end of that era and moves forward from there. In order to understand the problem and the digital solution to tracing these songs, a brief overview of the longstanding publishing standard will be presented, followed by an overview of older research materials, then a detailed examination of three existing repositories (HathiTrust, Google, Internet Archive), and one forthcoming repository (Sounding Spirit). The publications located in these repositories have been tied together through a pair of web-based bibliographies at Hymnology Archive, covering the years 1862–1900 and 1901–1942.","PeriodicalId":41351,"journal":{"name":"Nineteenth-Century Music Review","volume":"35 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Digitized Publications of Spirituals from the Nineteenth Century\",\"authors\":\"Chris Fenner\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/s147940982300037x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Compilers and editors of hymnals and scholars of hymnology have often lacked suitable tools for identifying the earliest sources of spirituals, or even key sources that serve as models for later arrangements. In the twenty-first century, the development of internet-based repositories of digital books has enabled the ability to search for publications of spirituals using strings of lyrics or keywords, but more importantly, these repositories allow researchers to examine the relevant sources and glean contextual information about those spirituals beyond what might exist in any list or index. Although African slaves had been present in North America since 1619, this unique musical artform was not considered a national treasure worth preserving and publishing until the onset of the Civil War, thus any study of sources of antebellum plantation spirituals really begins at the end of that era and moves forward from there. In order to understand the problem and the digital solution to tracing these songs, a brief overview of the longstanding publishing standard will be presented, followed by an overview of older research materials, then a detailed examination of three existing repositories (HathiTrust, Google, Internet Archive), and one forthcoming repository (Sounding Spirit). The publications located in these repositories have been tied together through a pair of web-based bibliographies at Hymnology Archive, covering the years 1862–1900 and 1901–1942.\",\"PeriodicalId\":41351,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nineteenth-Century Music Review\",\"volume\":\"35 5\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-11-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nineteenth-Century Music Review\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s147940982300037x\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"艺术学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"0\",\"JCRName\":\"MUSIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nineteenth-Century Music Review","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s147940982300037x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"MUSIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
赞美诗的编者和编辑以及赞美诗学者常常缺乏合适的工具来识别最早的灵歌来源,甚至是作为后来编曲模式的关键来源。在21世纪,基于互联网的数字图书资源库的发展使人们能够使用歌词或关键词搜索灵歌的出版物,但更重要的是,这些资源库允许研究人员检查相关来源并收集有关这些灵歌的上下文信息,而不是存在于任何列表或索引中。尽管非洲奴隶早在1619年就已经出现在北美,但这种独特的音乐艺术形式直到南北战争开始才被认为是值得保存和出版的国宝,因此,任何对内战前种植园精神歌曲来源的研究都是从那个时代结束时开始的,并从那里开始向前发展。为了了解问题和追踪这些歌曲的数字解决方案,将简要介绍长期出版标准,然后概述旧的研究材料,然后详细检查三个现有的存储库(HathiTrust, Google, Internet Archive)和一个即将到来的存储库(探听精神)。位于这些图书馆的出版物通过一对基于网络的书目在《赞美诗档案》(Hymnology Archive)上联系在一起,涵盖了1862-1900年和1901-1942年。
Digitized Publications of Spirituals from the Nineteenth Century
Compilers and editors of hymnals and scholars of hymnology have often lacked suitable tools for identifying the earliest sources of spirituals, or even key sources that serve as models for later arrangements. In the twenty-first century, the development of internet-based repositories of digital books has enabled the ability to search for publications of spirituals using strings of lyrics or keywords, but more importantly, these repositories allow researchers to examine the relevant sources and glean contextual information about those spirituals beyond what might exist in any list or index. Although African slaves had been present in North America since 1619, this unique musical artform was not considered a national treasure worth preserving and publishing until the onset of the Civil War, thus any study of sources of antebellum plantation spirituals really begins at the end of that era and moves forward from there. In order to understand the problem and the digital solution to tracing these songs, a brief overview of the longstanding publishing standard will be presented, followed by an overview of older research materials, then a detailed examination of three existing repositories (HathiTrust, Google, Internet Archive), and one forthcoming repository (Sounding Spirit). The publications located in these repositories have been tied together through a pair of web-based bibliographies at Hymnology Archive, covering the years 1862–1900 and 1901–1942.