Gamow-Teller β衰变和伪su(4)对称性

IF 2.2 3区 综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Symmetry-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI:10.3390/sym15112001
Piet Van Isacker, Alejandro Algora, András Vitéz-Sveiczer, Gábor Gyula Kiss, Sonja Elena Agata Orrigo, Berta Rubio, Pablo Aguilera
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文报道了β衰变为质量数58≤A≤70的自共轭(N=Z)原子核的最新实验结果。超允许β衰变从Z=N+2母核的Jπ=0+基态通过所谓的费米跃迁到等压模拟态,并通过伽莫夫-泰勒(GT)跃迁到Jπ=1+态。后一种衰变的算子是Wigner的SU(4)代数的产生器,因此GT跃迁服从与这种对称性相关的选择规则。由于SU(4)随着A的增加而逐渐破缺,这主要是自旋轨道相互作用的结果,因此这种对称性与这里考虑的原子核无关。然而,我们认为,在58≤A≤70的原子核中,伪自旋轨道分裂可以很小,在这种情况下,核态表现出近似的伪su(4)对称。为了验证这一猜想,利用伪su(4)对称的图解哈密顿量计算了GT衰减强度。指出了伪su(4)对称性引起的GT β衰变的一些一般特征。实验观察到的GT强度表明,当a =70时,恢复了伪su(4)对称性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Gamow–Teller Beta Decay and Pseudo-SU(4) Symmetry
We report on recent experimental results on β decay into self-conjugate (N=Z) nuclei with mass number 58≤A≤70. Super-allowed β decays from the Jπ=0+ ground state of a Z=N+2 parent nucleus are to the isobaric analogue state through so-called Fermi transitions and to Jπ=1+ states by way of Gamow–Teller (GT) transitions. The operator of the latter decay is a generator of Wigner’s SU(4) algebra and as a consequence GT transitions obey selection rules associated with this symmetry. Since SU(4) is progressively broken with increasing A, mainly as a consequence of the spin–orbit interaction, this symmetry is not relevant for the nuclei considered here. We argue, however, that the pseudo-spin–orbit splitting can be small in nuclei with 58≤A≤70, in which case nuclear states exhibit an approximate pseudo-SU(4) symmetry. To test this conjecture, GT decay strength is calculated with use of a schematic Hamiltonian with pseudo-SU(4) symmetry. Some generic features of the GT β decay due to pseudo-SU(4) symmetry are pointed out. The experimentally observed GT strength indicates a restoration of pseudo-SU(4) symmetry for A=70.
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来源期刊
Symmetry-Basel
Symmetry-Basel MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
11.10%
发文量
2276
审稿时长
14.88 days
期刊介绍: Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994), an international and interdisciplinary scientific journal, publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided, so that results can be reproduced.
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