Spin in the Dirac and Schr¨odinger Equations According to the Planck Vacuum Theory

This paper examines the concept of particle spin as it applies to the Dirac and Schr¨odinger equations in the Planck vacuum (PV) theory. Results show: that the reduced Planck constant is equal to the spin coefficient for the Planck particle (PP), the proton, and the electron cores; that the well-known energy and momentum operators can be used to derive the Schr¨odinger equation; that the wavefunctions for both equations are related to the electron Compton radius; and that the relativistic spin operator is derived from the Dirac equation.The spin and mass of the electron or proton cores are created simultaneously within the PV and transmitted into free space.