寒区水稻旱作直播播种机种植装置的设计与试验

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7843

Jiale Zhao, Chengliang Zhang, Yanpeng Wei, Mingzhuo Guo, Chao Chen, Chongqin Zhang, Yungan Zhang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

水稻干播技术是一种省时、节约成本、提高播种效率的水稻栽培技术。为实现水稻生产专业化、轻型化、规模化，提高水稻生产全过程机械化水平，解决东北寒区水稻旱作直播推广应用过程中出现的种沟不平整、播种数量不均匀、覆盖浅、压制不密实等问题。本文设计了一种水稻干播种机的播种装置。介绍了开沟部件、播种器和覆盖压土装置的工作原理和结构参数。建立了播种机关键部件的力学模型，选取前进速度、辊筒直径和压实强度作为试验因素。以碎种率、播深合格率、播种均匀变异系数和孔粒数合格率为评价指标，进行三因素五水平二次旋转正交组合试验。现场性能试验及试验结果表明:在前进速度为4 km/h、辊筒直径为427 mm、压实强度为48.45 kPa的条件下，种子破碎率为1.31%，播种深度合格率为9.95%，播种均匀度变异系数为3.75%，孔数为86.75%。这既符合水稻干播的农艺要求，又实现了优势农艺与现代农业机械的结合。关键词:水稻，旱作直播，种植单元，结构设计，试验研究DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabe.20231604.7843引用本文:赵建林，张春林，魏永平，郭明志，陈超，张春青，等。寒区水稻旱作直播播种机种植装置的设计与试验。农业与生物工程学报，2023;16 (4): 76 - 84

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Design and testing of planting unit for rice dry-direct-seeding planter in cold region

Rice dry-direct-seeding technology is a time-saving, cost-saving and efficient rice cultivation technique that increases the efficiency of seeding. In order to implement the specialization, light simplicity and scale of rice production, improve the level of mechanization of the whole rice production process, and solve the problems of uneven seed furrows, uneven number of seeds sown, shallow mulching and uncompact repression that occur during the promotion and application of dry-direct-seeding for rice in the cold region of northeast China. In this paper, a planting unit for rice dry-direct-seeding planter is designed. The working principles and structural parameters of the furrow opening components, the seeding apparatus and the soil covering-pressing device are described. The mechanical model of the key components of the seeding unit was established, and the forward speed, roller diameter and compacting strength were selected as the test factors. A three-factor, five-level quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was conducted with the seed breakage rate, seeding depth qualification rate, seeding uniformity coefficient of variation and hole grain count qualification rate as the evaluation indexes. Field performance test and test results show that: at a forward speed of 4 km/h, a roller diameter of 427 mm and a compacting strength of 48.45 kPa, the seed breakage rate was 1.31%, the sowing depth qualification rate was 9.95%, the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity was 3.75% and the number of holes was 86.75%. This accords with the agronomic requirements of dry-direct-seeding for rice and implements a combination of superior agronomy and modern farm machinery. Keywords: rice, dry-direct-seeding, planting unit, structural design, testing research DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7843 Citation: Zhao J L, Zhang C L, Wei Y P, Guo M Z, Chen C, Zhang C Q, et al. Design and testing of planting unit for rice dry-direct-seeding planter in cold region. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 76-84

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来源期刊

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

12.50%

发文量

审稿时长

24 weeks

期刊介绍： International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (IJABE, https://www.ijabe.org) is a peer reviewed open access international journal. IJABE, started in 2008, is a joint publication co-sponsored by US-based Association of Agricultural, Biological and Food Engineers (AOCABFE) and China-based Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (CSAE). The ISSN 1934-6344 and eISSN 1934-6352 numbers for both print and online IJABE have been registered in US. Now, Int. J. Agric. & Biol. Eng (IJABE) is published in both online and print version by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering.