20世纪末至XXІ世纪初乌克兰科学研究中母性问题的史学研究

Viktoriia Stynska, Marta Oleksiuk
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摘要

本文对二十世纪末至二十世纪初乌克兰科学研究中的“母性”范畴进行了历史分析。本研究采用了以下研究方法:系统分析、综合和概括科学、教育和专业文献,概念装置的理论和结构澄清方法。在参考文献的基础上,作者揭示了“母性”范畴的本质,并阐述了作者作为社会教育范畴的定义:母性是一种社会文化现象,需要国家、社会、社会对社会教育的支持。各机构和家庭的主要任务是审查愿望和需求,并帮助创造必要条件,确保母亲享有保健、教育、工作和充分实现自我的权利。历史使我们能够识别与母性有关的挑战、问题和规范,以及它们如何随着时间的推移而变化,这是一个特点。研究发现,在提到社会领域时,“母性”这一范畴是从生物学(生殖功能)、社会(教育功能)和法律领域的角度来考虑的。在科学文献中,"母性"这一范畴是哲学、医学、法律、社会学、教育学和心理学研究的分析主题。作者对以母亲为中心的方法提出了自己的想法,其核心是在宏观、中观和微观各级提供社会和教育支持,为实现母亲在社会和家庭中的权利创造条件。它的结论是,关于母性的历史研究解决了母性在历史上的作用,母性概念的变化,以及母性在不同时间和背景下的心理、社会教育、经济、社会文化、医学、法律和政治方面的问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Historiography of the problem of motherhood in scientific research in Ukraine late XX – early XXІ century
This article provides a historical analysis of the category «motherhood» in Ukrainian scientific research late XX – early XX century. The following research methods were used as part of the study: systematic analysis, synthesis and generalization of scientific, educational and professional literature, theoretical and structural clarification methods of conceptual installations. On the basis of references, the author reveals the essence of the category of «motherhood» and expounds the author’s definition as a category of social education: motherhood is a social and cultural phenomenon that requires the support of social education from the state, society, and society. The main task of institutions and families is to examine wishes and needs and help create the conditions necessary to ensure mothers' rights to health care, education, work and full self-realization. It is characteristic that history allows us to identify the challenges, issues and norms associated with motherhood and how they have changed over time. The study found that in references to the social domain, the category “motherhood” was considered from the perspectives of the biological (reproductive function), social (educational function) and legal domains. In the scientific literature, the category “motherhood” is the subject of analysis in philosophical, medical, legal, sociological, pedagogical, and psychological studies. The author presents her own ideas for a mother-centred approach, at the heart of which is to channel social and educational support at the macro, meso and micro levels to create the conditions for the fulfillment of mothers' rights in society and within the family. It concludes that historical research on motherhood addresses the role of motherhood in history, shifting conceptions of motherhood, and the psychological, socio-educational, economic, sociocultural, medical, legal, and political aspects of motherhood across time and context.
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