Early Central Venous Catheter Replacement After Candida in Pediatric Intestinal Failure Patients

Background: Deferred central venous catheter (CVC) replacement places children with intestinal failure (IF) at risk of complications. We hypothesized that early CVC replacement after uncomplicated candidemia is safe and beneficial. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of children with IF. Patients were divided into early (<7 days after their first negative culture), and late (≥7 days after their first negative culture) CVC replacement following uncomplicated candidemia. We calculated the median time to CVC removal, clearance of infection, CVC replacement or exchange, and duration of the initial hospitalization. The proportion of patients readmitted within 30 days was also calculated, taking note of the number of candida reinfections. Results: Early replacement occurred in 18 encounters and late replacement in 21 encounters. The median time in both groups to CVC removal was 3 days ( P = 0.949), and clearance of infection was 4 days ( P = 0.466). The median time to CVC replacement or exchange in the early group was 4 days, compared to 10 days in the late group ( P < 0.001). The median duration of the hospitalization in the early group was 12 days compared to 21 days in the late group ( P = 0.011). In total 39% of patients from the early group were readmitted within 30 days compared to 57% from the late group ( P = 0.359). None of the patients were reinfected with candida within 30 days. Conclusion: Early CVC replacement after uncomplicated candidemia in children with IF decreases hospital stay without increased risk of readmission or reinfection.