Indirect Organogenesis and High Frequency Plant Regeneration in Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum Gaertn.)

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) is a pseudocereal, dicot, economically significant, and nutraceutical crop that belongs to the order Caryophyllales of the family Polygonaceae. The two species Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat) and Fagopyrum tartaricum (tartary buckwheat) are most grown in the Himalayas. A crop that thrives in extremely cold temperatures is Fagopyrum tartaricum. It contains D-chiro inositol, quercetin, vitexin, and the antioxidant polyphenol rutin. This study has devised an effective indirect organogenesis strategy for tartary buckwheat, (Fagopyrum tartaricum). Callus induction medium containing Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium with additional 2 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) and 0.1 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) produced the optimum (90.67%) friable yellow callus using leaf explant. Shoot proliferation medium (SPM) containing MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/l Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) has produced the most shoots (35.2±1.83) with mean shoot length of 3.41±0.14 in cm. The regenerated shoots were successfully rooted in indole-3-butyric acid-containing full-strength MS medium. A rooting medium with 3 mg L-1 IBA exhibited the most roots with 6.84±0.45 and a mean length of roots being 11.59±0.44 in cm. 100% of the in vitro rooted shoots that were transplanted into the field survived.