Subjectivation verbal techniques in first-person narrative (in the context of the narrator image analysis in I.S. Shmelev's novel "The Year of Our Lord")

The article proposes a stylistic analysis of the methods of linguistic expression of the subjectivation of an artistic narration in the presence of the image of the narrator expressed in the first person. The literary text is studied from the standpoint of text stylistics, which considers such categories of text as the image of the author, the image of the narrator, the word row, etc. The proposed approach to the study of the text of a work of art makes it possible to pay attention to the organization of the text as a whole, its verbal composition, how linguistic units coexist and interact within the word range. The author made an attempt on the example of the analysis of the image of the narrator in the novel by I.S. Shmelev's "The Year of Our Lord" to show how "polyphony" is created, that is, the presence in the narration from the first person of different points of view, from the positions of which the events in the novel are described. Such verbal methods of subjectification as direct speech, indirect speech and internal monologue, helping to shift the point of view in the subjective narrative from one subject to another. The author's field of vision also includes graphic techniques that support the reflection of "foreign" points of view in the artistic text. In the article, special attention is paid to the analysis of improperly direct speech, since it is precisely this design of "alien" speech that implements the author's task to maximally erase the boundaries between the "faces" of the narrator, the child-hero of the events and other participants in these events, thereby "plunging" the reader into the consciousness narrator. It is also of interest how this helps to realize a reliable image of a child narrator at the linguistic level. The study carried out is of theoretical importance, since it considers the categories studied by the style of the text, which have not yet been fully developed.