Edgar Jesús Delgado-Nuñez, Gabriel Flores-Franco, Orthon Ricardo Vargas-Cardoso, Blanca Esthela Álvarez-Fernández, Erubiel Toledo-Hernández, Sofia Miranda-Juárez, Luz Janet Tagle-Emigdio, César Sotelo-Leyva
{"title":"木棉七叶茎提取物的植物化学特征及其对黑檀木的杀虫作用","authors":"Edgar Jesús Delgado-Nuñez, Gabriel Flores-Franco, Orthon Ricardo Vargas-Cardoso, Blanca Esthela Álvarez-Fernández, Erubiel Toledo-Hernández, Sofia Miranda-Juárez, Luz Janet Tagle-Emigdio, César Sotelo-Leyva","doi":"10.3958/059.048.0317","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Resumen. El pulgón del sorgo, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), es la plaga más importante del sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), en México. Para su control se usan insecticidas sintéticos, y nuevas alternativas exploran el uso de insecticidas botánicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto insecticida del extracto de n-hexano y metanol de tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) contra adultos ápteros de M. sorghi in vitro. El extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia produjo una mortalidad del 78%, y el extracto de metanol 48% a 10,000 ppm en 72 h. El tratamiento imidacloprid produjo una mortalidad del 100% en las primeras 24 h, y el control (Tween 20) 4% en 72 h. El estudio de Gases-Masas del extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia identificó 12 compuestos químicos, siendo el nonacosano el mayoritario (25.1%). Las pruebas fitoquímicas clásicas del extracto de metanol de C. aesculifolia, resultaron positivas para alcaloides, taninos, saponinas, antracenos, triterpenos, y esteroides. Los extractos de C. aesculifolia presentaron efectos insecticidas importantes, y podrían ser considerados como una alternativa para el control de M. sorghi. Abstract. The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the most important pest of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Mexico. Control of M. sorghi depends primarily on synthetic chemical insecticides, but new alternatives have been explored, such as botanical insecticides. The objective of this research was to evaluate the aphidicide effect of the extract of nhexane and methanol from stems of Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) against apterous adults in M. sorghi in vitro. The results revealed that n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia killed 78% and methanol extract 48% at 10,000 ppm in 72 hours. The positive check (imidacloprid) eliminated 100% of the aphids in 24 hours and the negative check (Tween 20) 4% in 72 hours. The Gas-Mass study of n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia identified 12 chemical compounds, nonacosane being most (25.1%). The classical phytochemical tests of the methanol extract of C. aesculifolia were positive for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, anthracenes, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts of C. aesculifolia had significant aphidicide effects and could be considered an alternative for controlling M. sorghi.","PeriodicalId":21930,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern Entomologist","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Perfil Fitoquímico de Extractos de Tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia1 y su Efecto Insecticida Contra Melanaphis sorghi1\",\"authors\":\"Edgar Jesús Delgado-Nuñez, Gabriel Flores-Franco, Orthon Ricardo Vargas-Cardoso, Blanca Esthela Álvarez-Fernández, Erubiel Toledo-Hernández, Sofia Miranda-Juárez, Luz Janet Tagle-Emigdio, César Sotelo-Leyva\",\"doi\":\"10.3958/059.048.0317\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Resumen. El pulgón del sorgo, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), es la plaga más importante del sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), en México. Para su control se usan insecticidas sintéticos, y nuevas alternativas exploran el uso de insecticidas botánicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto insecticida del extracto de n-hexano y metanol de tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) contra adultos ápteros de M. sorghi in vitro. El extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia produjo una mortalidad del 78%, y el extracto de metanol 48% a 10,000 ppm en 72 h. El tratamiento imidacloprid produjo una mortalidad del 100% en las primeras 24 h, y el control (Tween 20) 4% en 72 h. El estudio de Gases-Masas del extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia identificó 12 compuestos químicos, siendo el nonacosano el mayoritario (25.1%). Las pruebas fitoquímicas clásicas del extracto de metanol de C. aesculifolia, resultaron positivas para alcaloides, taninos, saponinas, antracenos, triterpenos, y esteroides. Los extractos de C. aesculifolia presentaron efectos insecticidas importantes, y podrían ser considerados como una alternativa para el control de M. sorghi. Abstract. The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the most important pest of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Mexico. Control of M. sorghi depends primarily on synthetic chemical insecticides, but new alternatives have been explored, such as botanical insecticides. The objective of this research was to evaluate the aphidicide effect of the extract of nhexane and methanol from stems of Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) against apterous adults in M. sorghi in vitro. The results revealed that n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia killed 78% and methanol extract 48% at 10,000 ppm in 72 hours. The positive check (imidacloprid) eliminated 100% of the aphids in 24 hours and the negative check (Tween 20) 4% in 72 hours. The Gas-Mass study of n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia identified 12 chemical compounds, nonacosane being most (25.1%). The classical phytochemical tests of the methanol extract of C. aesculifolia were positive for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, anthracenes, triterpenes, and steroids. 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Perfil Fitoquímico de Extractos de Tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia1 y su Efecto Insecticida Contra Melanaphis sorghi1
Resumen. El pulgón del sorgo, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), es la plaga más importante del sorgo, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), en México. Para su control se usan insecticidas sintéticos, y nuevas alternativas exploran el uso de insecticidas botánicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto insecticida del extracto de n-hexano y metanol de tallos de Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) contra adultos ápteros de M. sorghi in vitro. El extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia produjo una mortalidad del 78%, y el extracto de metanol 48% a 10,000 ppm en 72 h. El tratamiento imidacloprid produjo una mortalidad del 100% en las primeras 24 h, y el control (Tween 20) 4% en 72 h. El estudio de Gases-Masas del extracto de n-hexano de C. aesculifolia identificó 12 compuestos químicos, siendo el nonacosano el mayoritario (25.1%). Las pruebas fitoquímicas clásicas del extracto de metanol de C. aesculifolia, resultaron positivas para alcaloides, taninos, saponinas, antracenos, triterpenos, y esteroides. Los extractos de C. aesculifolia presentaron efectos insecticidas importantes, y podrían ser considerados como una alternativa para el control de M. sorghi. Abstract. The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the most important pest of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Mexico. Control of M. sorghi depends primarily on synthetic chemical insecticides, but new alternatives have been explored, such as botanical insecticides. The objective of this research was to evaluate the aphidicide effect of the extract of nhexane and methanol from stems of Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) against apterous adults in M. sorghi in vitro. The results revealed that n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia killed 78% and methanol extract 48% at 10,000 ppm in 72 hours. The positive check (imidacloprid) eliminated 100% of the aphids in 24 hours and the negative check (Tween 20) 4% in 72 hours. The Gas-Mass study of n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia identified 12 chemical compounds, nonacosane being most (25.1%). The classical phytochemical tests of the methanol extract of C. aesculifolia were positive for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, anthracenes, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts of C. aesculifolia had significant aphidicide effects and could be considered an alternative for controlling M. sorghi.
期刊介绍:
Manuscripts submitted for consideration for publication in the Southwestern Entomologist should report results of entomological research in the southwestern United States or Mexico or should report results of studies on entomological species, relevant to this region, which may be done elsewhere, provided such results are geographically applicable. Manuscripts that report results of routine laboratory or field experiments for which the primary purpose is gathering baseline data or those that report results of a continuous evaluation program such as preliminary pesticide evaluation experiments, species lists with no supporting biological data, or preliminary plant resistance evaluations are not acceptable. However, reports of experiments with insecticides, acaricides, and microbials are acceptable if they are comprehensive and include data related to economics, resistance, toxicology, or other broad subject areas. Bibliographies will not be published in Southwestern Entomologist.