The current status for nutrition care in patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric to ensure safe practice.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery（MBS）has emerged as an effective treatment option for individuals with severe obesity and related metabolic disorders. However, ensuring safe and successful outcomes for patients undergoing MBS requires comprehensive and specialized nutrition care. This abstract aims to provide an overview of the current status of nutrition care in patients undergoing MBS and its role in ensuring safe practice. Preoperative nutrition care focuses on preparing patients for surgery by promoting weight loss, improving nutritional status, and addressing comorbidities. Multidisciplinary teams, including registered dietitians, assess patients’ dietary habits, provide individualized meal plans, and educate them about the importance of lifelong dietary modifications. Preoperative weight loss, achieved through a low-calorie diet or meal replacements, helps reduce liver size and associated risks during surgery. During the perioperative phase, nutrition care focuses on maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, preventing nutrient deficiencies, and promoting wound healing. Following surgery, patients progress through a series of dietary stages, starting with clear liquids and advancing to solid foods. This progression is closely monitored by the nutrition team, who educate patients about portion control, nutrient density, and the importance of regular protein intake to prevent muscle wasting. Long-term nutrition care is essential to support weight loss maintenance, prevent nutritional deficiencies, and address potential complications. Regular follow-up visits allow dietitians to assess patients’ nutritional status, adjust dietary recommendations, and provide ongoing support for behavior change. Patients are encouraged to consume a balanced diet rich in lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, while minimizing high-calorie and processed foods. Nutrition care in MBS patients also involves managing specific complications such as dumping syndrome, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, malabsorption, and inadequate weight loss. Periodic nutritional assessments, including laboratory tests, help identify and address deficiencies promptly. Nutritional supplements, such as multivitamins, iron, calcium, and vitamin B12, are often prescribed to prevent deficiencies and support overall health. In conclusion, nutrition care plays a vital role in ensuring safe and successful outcomes for patients undergoing MBS. From preoperative preparation to long-term follow-up, nutrition care focuses on optimizing nutritional status, supporting weight loss maintenance, preventing complications, and addressing deficiencies. Comprehensive and individualized nutrition interventions, delivered by multidisciplinary teams, are crucial in achieving safe and effective metabolic and bariatric surgery outcomes. Future efforts should focus on overcoming barriers and expanding access to specialized nutrition care for all individuals undergoing MBS.