Effects of Ag Nanoparticles Impregnated Over Chitosan-Agarose Modified Magnetic Nanocomposite as an Efficient Reusable Nano Catalyst on Bone Regeneration in a Rat Calvarial Defect Model and Screening System

The development of multifunctional biomaterials with precise design and synthesis is desired for various fields of medicine and biology. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have a huge potential to be applied and develop multifunctional and sophisticated nano- and biomaterials. In this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and applied them into Chitosan-Agarosemodified magnetic nanocomposite to develop an efficient reusable Nano catalyst. The fabricated AgNPs were characterized using Transmission electron microscopy and results showed that AgNPs were partially spherical with uniform morphology and a size of 22±6 nm. Measuring the zeta potential showed that AgNPs possess a negative surface potential of around −27.7 mV which is desired for the stability of AgNPs. The AgNPs were incorporated into a Chitosan-Agarose modified magnetic nanocomposite and TEM and EDX analysis confirmed homogenous dispersion of AgNPs into the nanocomposite. The cell culture ( in vitro ) studies conducted using the MTT assay kit confirmed the biocompatibility of the fabricated nanocomposite. The animal study (the implantation of the nanocomposite in rat calvarial defect model) showed that the nanocomposite induced bone regeneration and filed the induced defect. These resultant findings suggested that the developed AgNPs-bearing nanocomposite can be applied as an efficient reusable Nano catalyst for bone regeneration.