英国老年人的个性特征和孤独感:来自英国老龄化纵向研究的横断面和纵向分析

IF 3.6 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

European Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1177/08902070231206196

Thamara Tapia-Munoz, Olesya Ajnakina, Daisy Fancourt, Andrew Steptoe

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引用次数: 0

摘要

考虑到多基因风险评分(pgs)、社会孤立、社会经济和健康因素，很少有研究分析人格特征与孤独之间的关系。我们使用了来自英国老龄化纵向研究(ELSA)的4,892名52岁及以上老年人的数据。ELSA第5波(2010/2011)是我们的基线，第6波(2012/2013)至第9波(2018/2019)是孤独感随访。孤独感的多基因风险评分来自全基因组关联研究。采用多元线性回归和多水平lmm分析人格特质与孤独感的横断面和纵向关系。外向(系数。= -.375;95% CI:−。447 - 0.302)，神经质(Coef。= .557;95% CI: 0.485 - 0.629)，宜人性(Coef。=−。188: 95% ci:−。273 ~ 0.103)，责任心(Coef。=−.183;95% ci:−。271 - 0.095)，经验开放性(Coef。=−.170;95% ci:−。236 ~ 0.103)与孤独感相关。在八年的随访中，孤独感水平平均下降了。只有外向性与孤独感下降率有关(Coef。= .012;95% CI: 0.002 - 0.022)，考虑了潜在的混杂因素。卫生和社会服务部门的一项重要任务是确定存在身体、精神和认知健康问题风险的老年人。公共卫生和临床干预减少孤独感的成功可以通过考虑人格特征来获得信息。

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Personality traits and loneliness among older people in the UK: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Little research has analysed the relationship between personality traits and loneliness, considering polygenic risk scores (PGSs), social isolation, socioeconomic, and health factors. We used data from 4,892 older adults 52 years and older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). ELSA wave 5 (2010/2011) was our baseline, and wave 6 (2012/2013) to wave 9 (2018/2019) was the loneliness follow-up. Polygenic risk scores for loneliness were derived from genome-wide association studies. We conducted multiple linear regression and multilevel LMMs to analyse the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between personality traits and loneliness. Extroversion (Coef. = -.375; 95% CI:−.447 to .302), Neuroticism (Coef. = .557; 95% CI: .485–.629), Agreeableness (Coef. = −.188: 95% CI: −.273 to .103), Conscientiousness (Coef. = −.183; 95% CI: −.271 to .095), and Openness to Experience (Coef. = −.170; 95% CI: −.236 to .103) were associated with loneliness at baseline. Over eight years of follow-up, loneliness levels decreased on average. Only Extroversion was associated with the loneliness rate of decline (Coef. = .012; 95% CI: .002–.022) after potential confounders had been considered. An important task of health and social services is to identify older adults at risk of physical, mental, and cognitive health issues. The success of public health and clinical interventions to reduce loneliness could be informed by a consideration of personality profiles.

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来源期刊

European Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-

CiteScore

11.90

自引率

8.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： It is intended that the journal reflects all areas of current personality psychology. The Journal emphasizes (1) human individuality as manifested in cognitive processes, emotional and motivational functioning, and their physiological and genetic underpinnings, and personal ways of interacting with the environment, (2) individual differences in personality structure and dynamics, (3) studies of intelligence and interindividual differences in cognitive functioning, and (4) development of personality differences as revealed by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.