Flow Field Simulation and Parameter Analysis of Hydraulic Unbalanced Bionic Self-recovery Actuator for Rotary Equipment

The rotor is the most important component of rotating machinery, and the vibration produced by its mass unbalance has a serious influence on the secure and steady operation of the machine, so an effective online suppression technology is urgently needed. A new hydraulic unbalanced bionic self-recovery system is introduced, imitating the way of manually repairing faulty equipment. To accomplish the effect of actuator mass redistribution, the technology employs pressurized air to drive the quantitative transfer of liquid in the reservoir cavity at opposite positions. It can complete the online adjustment of the equipment’s balancing state and suppress the unbalanced vibration of equipment in real time, which gives the equipment the ability to maintain an autonomous health state and improve equipment performance. The composition and working principle of the system are introduced in detail, and the key performance parameters, such as the minimum running speed and the balancing liquid transfer speed, are analyzed theoretically. The fluid–solid coupling model of the actuator was established, and the two-phase flow from inside the hydraulic unbalanced bionic self-recovery actuator was simulated under multiple working conditions and the performance parameters were quantitatively analyzed. A balancing simulation test bed was built, and its effectiveness was verified by performance parameter tests and unbalanced bionic self-recovery experiments. The experimental results show that the mass distribution adjustment of the balancing disk can be achieved using different viscosity balancing liquid, and the response of liquid viscosity 10 \(cS{\text{t}}\) is faster than that of liquid viscosity 100 \(cS{\text{t}}\) in the process of balancing liquid transfer, and the time is reduced by more than 75%; the system can reduce the simulated rotor amplitude from 18.3 μm to 10.6 μm online in real time, which provides technical support for the subsequent development of a new generation of bionic intelligent equipment.