把应该放在一起

IF 1.1 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
David Boylan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一致凝聚说,当φ和ψ是一致的时候,应当φ和应当ψ引出应当(φ∧ψ);我认为这个原则适用于道义性的,但不适用于认知性的。我认为没有任何现有的理论能够预测这些数据,并对“应该”给出了新的语义和语用:“应该”是对某些背景问题的最佳部分答案的存在量词;并且假设这些最好的部分答案是两两一致的。结合一个关于道义和认识论顺序之间差异的合理假设,这个语义验证了道义的集聚,而不是认识论。早期访问
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Putting oughts together
Consistent Agglomeration says that, when φ and ψ are consistent, ⌜ought φ⌝ and ⌜ought ψ⌝ entail ⌜ought (φ ∧ ψ)⌝; I argue this principle is valid for deontic, but not epistemic oughts. I argue no existing theory predicts these data and give a new semantics and pragmatics for ought: ought is an existential quantifier over the best partial answers to some background question; and presupposes that those best partial answers are pairwise consistent. In conjunction with a plausible assumption about the difference between deontic and epistemic orderings, this semantics validates Agglomeration for deontics but not epistemics. EARLY ACCESS
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50 weeks
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