战争驱动的永久移民、性别比例和女性劳动力参与

IF 5.3 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Human Resources Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI:10.3368/jhr.0522-12339r2

Ana Rute Cardoso, Louis-Philippe Morin

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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:我们研究了由于男性稀缺而导致性别比例失衡的情况下女性劳动力参与的驱动因素。为此，我们利用基于20世纪60年代葡萄牙殖民战争推动的大规模移民的工具，研究了不同群体和地区性别比例的外生变化。随着性别比例的下降，女性劳动力参与率上升，而结婚率则未受影响。在顶级职业中，女性比例有所增加，性别薪酬差距有所下降，这与女性劳动力的需求冲击占主导地位是一致的。

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War-Driven Permanent Emigration, Sex Ratios, and Female Labor Force Participation

Abstract

We investigate the drivers of female labor force participation in the presence of unbalanced sex ratios due to a scarcity of males. To do so, we exploit exogenous variation in sex ratios across cohorts and regions, using instruments based on massive emigration in the 1960s that was fueled by the Portuguese Colonial War. As the sex ratio declined, female labor force participation increased, while the marriage rate was unaffected. Female representation among top occupations increased, and the gender pay gap declined, consistent with the predominance of a demand shock favoring female labor.

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来源期刊

Journal of Human Resources Multiple-

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Human Resources is among the leading journals in empirical microeconomics. Intended for scholars, policy makers, and practitioners, each issue examines research in a variety of fields including labor economics, development economics, health economics, and the economics of education, discrimination, and retirement. Founded in 1965, the Journal of Human Resources features articles that make scientific contributions in research relevant to public policy practitioners.