篮球运动对大龄学龄前儿童协调能力发展的影响

Nataliia Khlus
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究的目的在于从理论和实验上验证工作体系对大学龄学龄前儿童篮球运动协调能力发展的有效性。材料和方法。24名学龄前以上儿童参与研究(两组)。在确定阶段,将年龄较大的学龄前儿童分为对照组(CG) 12名和实验组(EG) 12名。CG和EG根据“自信的开始”教育计划开展工作,但在EG中,通过打篮球来实施大一点的学龄前儿童协调能力发展的系统工作。在研究过程中,制定了大龄学龄前儿童协调能力发展的标准、指标和水平。研究方法:科学和方法论文献的理论分析,教学实验,控制测试(使用“火烈鸟”方法调查平衡发展水平;使用“穿梭跑”的协调发展水平3 × 10平方米;发展灵巧的水平使用«投掷和接球»方法),数学统计方法。结果。在教学实验确定阶段,获得了大龄学龄前儿童协调能力总体发展水平的指标:在CG阶段,26%的儿童协调能力发展水平较高,32%的儿童协调能力发展水平一般,42%的儿童协调能力发展水平较低。在EG中,26%的儿童协调能力发展水平较高,31%的儿童协调能力发展水平一般,43%的儿童协调能力发展水平较低。值得注意的是,CG和EG的指标处于同一水平。在教学实验的形成阶段,制定了一套利用篮球运动游戏培养大龄学龄前儿童协调能力的工作体系——《学龄前儿童篮球》,该工作体系分准备阶段、主要阶段和最后阶段实施。每个阶段都包括与孩子、老师和家长一起开展活动。在实验的控制阶段,得到以下结果:在CG中,38%的儿童协调能力水平较低,34%的儿童协调能力水平一般,28%的儿童协调能力水平较高。在EG中,21%的儿童协调能力水平较低,42%的儿童协调能力水平一般,37%的儿童协调能力水平较高。因此,我们观察到EG指标的显著改善;CG指标几乎保持在确定阶段相同的水平。结论。实施的以篮球为手段发展大龄学龄前儿童协调能力的工作体系证明了其有效性。研究的最终结果证实了所提出的假设,并表明在学前教育机构体育健康工作过程中使用篮球运动是有效的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Development of older preschool children’s coordination abilities by means of basketball
The purpose of the work is to substantiate theoretically and verify experimentally the effectiveness of the system of work on the development of coordination abilities of older preschool children by means of the basketball game. Material and methods. 24 children of older preschool age participated in the study (two groups). At the ascertainment stage, two groups of older preschool children were formed (control (CG) – 12 children and experimental group (EG) – 12 children). CG and EG worked according to the educational program «Confident Start», but in EG a system of work on the development of coordination abilities of older preschool children was implemented by means of playing basketball. During the research, the criteria, indicators and levels of development of older preschool children’s coordination abilities were developed. Research methods: theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical experiment, control tests (investigation of the level of development of balance using the «Flamingo» method; the level of development of coordination using the «Shuttle Run» 3x10 m2; the level of development of dexterity using the «Throwing and Catching a Ball» method), methods of mathematical statistics. The results. At the ascertainment stage of the pedagogical experiment, the following indicators of the general level of development of older preschool children’s coordination abilities were obtained: in CG, 26 % of children possessed a high level of development of coordination abilities, 32 % had an average level, and 42 % had a low level. In EG, 26 % of children also had a high level of development of coordination abilities, 31 % had an average level, and 43 % had a low level. Attention was drawn to the fact that the indicators of CG and EG were at the same level. At the formative stage of the pedagogical experiment, a system of work on the development of coordination abilities of older preschool children by means of the sports game basketball called «Basketball for pre-schoolers» was developed This work system was implemented in three stages: preparatory, main and final. Each stage included the development of activities with children, teachers and parents. At the control stage of the experiment, the following results were obtained: in CG, 38 % of children had a low level of coordination abilities, 34 % had an average level, and 28 % had a high level. In EG, 21 % of children had a low level of coordination abilities, 42 % had an average level, and 37 % had a high level. Thus, we observed a significant improvement of indicators in EG; indicators in CG remained almost at the same level as at the ascertainment stage. Conclusions. The implemented system of work on the development of older preschool children’s coordination abilities by means of basketball has proven its effectiveness. The final results of the study have confirmed the proposed hypothesis and shown that the use of the basketball game in the process of physical education and health work in preschool education institutions is effective.
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