Melatonin as a Potential Therapeutic Tool in Allergic Rhinitis Induced by House-Dust Mite

Melatonin is known as an important regulator of circadian rhythm in humans. In the literature, there are no studies evaluating the efficacy of melatonin in the management of allergic rhinitis (AR) or nasal polyps (Np). Np tissue was taken from nasal cavity and mucosal tissue (Mu) was taken from the nasal septal area. Melatonin (25-200nM) and Mite Allergen (2.5-12.5%) were prepared in complete media. Cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species production and gene expression levels were determined. Our results showed that there is no toxic effect of Melatonin, Mite and their combination which was given to Np-MSCs and Mu-MSCs. Melatonin significantly reduced reactive oxygen species levels in both mite-treated Np-MSCs and Mu-MSCs. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase level was significantly decreased in melatonin-treated cells. Cyclooxygenase-1 level was significantly decreased in melatonin-treated healthy and allergic Np-MSCs while there was no significant difference in 100 and 150nM Melatonin-treated Mu-MSCs. Interestingly, 50nM Melatonin significantly increased Cyclooxygenase-1 level in Mu-MSCs. 50, 100 and 150nm Melatonin significantly decreased Interleukin-6 level in Mite-treated Np-MSCs. In addition, 100 and 150nM Melatonin significantly decreased Interleukin-6 level in Mite-treated Mu-MSCs. Melatonin has well-established anti-oxidant and anti-neoplastic activity, could be a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of AR and nasal polyposis.