Mohammad Qutob, Sultan Alshehri, Faiyaz Shakeel, Prawez Alam, Mohd Rafatullah
{"title":"双氯芬酸光降解研究:机理、效率、参数作用、毒性评价和催化剂稳定性","authors":"Mohammad Qutob, Sultan Alshehri, Faiyaz Shakeel, Prawez Alam, Mohd Rafatullah","doi":"10.1007/s44169-023-00052-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are one of the emerging pollutants (EPs) groups that attracted the environmentalist’s attention according to the increase in their demand. Diclofenac (DFC) is an anti-inflammatory medication used as a first-line treatment for pain. Around 15% of DFC is unmetabolized after human consumption, leading to an increase in the opportunity to release DFC into the environment. DFC may build up in the environment over time, which increases its negative impacts on the ecosystem. Several biological, physical, and chemical techniques have been applied to treat DFC. This review provides an overview of the photodegradation of DFC including photodegradation efficiency, mechanism, the role of physicochemical parameters, and toxicity assessment. Generally, the photodegradation systems showed high efficiency in the removal. However, each experiment has been applied under different experimental conditions and different parameters such as the type and dosage of catalyst, the chosen wavelength of the radiation, pH, temperature, and additive concentration. This led to the differentiation in the photodegradation efficiency and photodegradation rate of DFC. We revealed that the physicochemical parameters of the photocatalytic process are a double edge sword. On the one hand, raising their values up to a certain point might help the treatment work well. On the other hand, a significant rise has a negative impact on the effectiveness of the treatment and raises the expense of the treatment operation. The toxicity tests indicated that most frequent DFC by-products are not safe, and their release into the environment may negatively affect the ecosystem. This review may provide a useful recommendation for future researchers who want to treat DFC by photodegradation and enables them to enhance the applicability of photodegradation.","PeriodicalId":21182,"journal":{"name":"Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Insight into Photodegradation of Diclofenac: Mechanism, Efficiency, Role of Parameters, Toxicity Assessment and Catalyst Stability\",\"authors\":\"Mohammad Qutob, Sultan Alshehri, Faiyaz Shakeel, Prawez Alam, Mohd Rafatullah\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s44169-023-00052-y\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are one of the emerging pollutants (EPs) groups that attracted the environmentalist’s attention according to the increase in their demand. Diclofenac (DFC) is an anti-inflammatory medication used as a first-line treatment for pain. Around 15% of DFC is unmetabolized after human consumption, leading to an increase in the opportunity to release DFC into the environment. DFC may build up in the environment over time, which increases its negative impacts on the ecosystem. Several biological, physical, and chemical techniques have been applied to treat DFC. This review provides an overview of the photodegradation of DFC including photodegradation efficiency, mechanism, the role of physicochemical parameters, and toxicity assessment. Generally, the photodegradation systems showed high efficiency in the removal. However, each experiment has been applied under different experimental conditions and different parameters such as the type and dosage of catalyst, the chosen wavelength of the radiation, pH, temperature, and additive concentration. This led to the differentiation in the photodegradation efficiency and photodegradation rate of DFC. We revealed that the physicochemical parameters of the photocatalytic process are a double edge sword. On the one hand, raising their values up to a certain point might help the treatment work well. On the other hand, a significant rise has a negative impact on the effectiveness of the treatment and raises the expense of the treatment operation. The toxicity tests indicated that most frequent DFC by-products are not safe, and their release into the environment may negatively affect the ecosystem. This review may provide a useful recommendation for future researchers who want to treat DFC by photodegradation and enables them to enhance the applicability of photodegradation.\",\"PeriodicalId\":21182,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-11-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44169-023-00052-y\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44169-023-00052-y","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Insight into Photodegradation of Diclofenac: Mechanism, Efficiency, Role of Parameters, Toxicity Assessment and Catalyst Stability
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are one of the emerging pollutants (EPs) groups that attracted the environmentalist’s attention according to the increase in their demand. Diclofenac (DFC) is an anti-inflammatory medication used as a first-line treatment for pain. Around 15% of DFC is unmetabolized after human consumption, leading to an increase in the opportunity to release DFC into the environment. DFC may build up in the environment over time, which increases its negative impacts on the ecosystem. Several biological, physical, and chemical techniques have been applied to treat DFC. This review provides an overview of the photodegradation of DFC including photodegradation efficiency, mechanism, the role of physicochemical parameters, and toxicity assessment. Generally, the photodegradation systems showed high efficiency in the removal. However, each experiment has been applied under different experimental conditions and different parameters such as the type and dosage of catalyst, the chosen wavelength of the radiation, pH, temperature, and additive concentration. This led to the differentiation in the photodegradation efficiency and photodegradation rate of DFC. We revealed that the physicochemical parameters of the photocatalytic process are a double edge sword. On the one hand, raising their values up to a certain point might help the treatment work well. On the other hand, a significant rise has a negative impact on the effectiveness of the treatment and raises the expense of the treatment operation. The toxicity tests indicated that most frequent DFC by-products are not safe, and their release into the environment may negatively affect the ecosystem. This review may provide a useful recommendation for future researchers who want to treat DFC by photodegradation and enables them to enhance the applicability of photodegradation.
期刊介绍:
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology publishes reviews pertaining to the sources, transport, fate and effects of contaminants in the environment. The journal provides a place for the publication of critical reviews of the current knowledge and understanding of environmental sciences in order to provide insight into contaminant pathways, fate and behavior in environmental compartments and the possible consequences of their presence, with multidisciplinary contributions from the fields of analytical chemistry, biochemistry, biology, ecology, molecular and cellular biology (in an environmental context), and human, wildlife and environmental toxicology.
•Standing on a 55+ year history of publishing environmental toxicology reviews
•Now publishing in journal format boasting rigorous review and expanded editorial board
•Publishing home for extensive environmental reviews dealing with sources, transport, fate and effect of contaminants
•Through Springer Compact agreements, authors from participating institutions can publish Open Choice at no cost to the authors