A Collection of Studies on Anesthesia Modalities, Anesthetic Drugs and Circulatory Stability in Elderly Patients

With the increase in the proportion of elderly population in the society, China is gradually entering an aging society. Elderly patients may require anesthesia during medical treatment, and considering the relatively high surgical risk of elderly patients, comprehensive consideration must be given to the selection of anesthesia and the use of anesthetic drugs. Induction of general anesthesia is a process in which patients undergo reversible drug inhibition from a physiological state to a surgically operable anesthesia state within a short period of time, but tracheal intubation and anesthesia inhibition can trigger cardiovascular reactions, especially in elderly patients with poor circulatory function, which can lead to hemodynamic fluctuations and affect the stability of circulatory function. As elderly patients age, their organ function decreases, and their reserve function deficiency under anesthetic stress can increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The hemodynamic fluctuations of patients during the induction period of general anesthesia are large, and it is important to reduce the hemodynamic fluctuations and maintain the stability of circulatory function to improve the safety of surgery. At present, the commonly used methods for induction of general anesthesia include manual intravenous push, target-controlled infusion and constant-rate infusion by infusion pump, and the commonly used drugs for induction of general anesthesia include intravenous sedative anesthetics, intravenous analgesics, muscle relaxants and inhaled anesthetics. Based on this paper, we analyze the effects of general anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, lumbar anesthesia, and epidural anesthesia in the application of surgery in elderly patients and general anesthesia induction in the circulatory stability of elderly patients for a review, in order to more accurately and better guide further clinical anesthesia research.