使用基于流动路径的建模方法模拟嵌套集水区磷负荷减少

IF 3.1 Q2 WATER RESOURCES
Russell Adams, Paul Quinn
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引用次数: 0

摘要

集水区模型是识别和预测与过度施用营养物(在本例中是磷)有关的水质问题的重要工具。集水区径流衰减通量工具(CRAFT)已成功地用于模拟欧洲西北部集水区的养分通量和浓度。由于参数数量相对较少,该模型非常简洁。然而,需要改进快速地下和地表径流通道中可溶性磷和颗粒磷通量的表示。在爱尔兰北部的一个案例研究中,将CRAFT的原始和新的增强(动态)版本应用于跨越边界的黑水集水区(英国和爱尔兰共和国),面积近1500平方公里,土地用途主要是放牧牲畜。更大的黑水也需要一个嵌套的建模方法,使用多个子集水区变体(MultiCRAFT)来实现。根据水框架指令(WFD)对可溶性反应性磷(SRP)浓度的“良好”生态状态限制与最近观察到的浓度之间的差距,首先使用一种简单的方法确定了不同子集水区磷负荷的减少。然后使用嵌入了CRAFT模型中性能最好的变体的MultiCRAFT框架对不同缓解情景进行建模。研究发现,在径流事件期间,该集水区有高浓度的SRP和PP,这将需要针对不同来源(即弥漫性和点状)的P,以便在本十年结束前实现世界粮食计划署的目标。因此,建模结果表明,通过针对造成地表径流和快速地下流动路径的扩散源的综合缓解措施方案,可以最好地实现所需的SRP负荷减少,而点源也被确定为在某些子集水区需要减少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Simulating Phosphorus Load Reductions in a Nested Catchment Using a Flow Pathway-Based Modeling Approach
Catchment models are essential tools to identify and predict water quality problems linked to excessive nutrient applications (in this case phosphorus (P)). The Catchment Runoff Attenuation Flux Tool (CRAFT) has been successfully used to model nutrient fluxes and concentrations in north-western European catchments. The model is extremely parsimonious due to the relatively small number of parameters. However, an improvement to the representation of soluble P and particulate P fluxes in the fast-subsurface and surface runoff flow pathways was required. A case study in the north of Ireland applied the original and the new, enhanced (Dynamic) version of the CRAFT to the trans-border Blackwater catchment (UK and Republic of Ireland) covering nearly 1500 km2, with the land use predominantly livestock grazing. The larger size of the Blackwater also required a nested modeling approach to be implemented using a multiple sub-catchment variant (MultiCRAFT). P load reductions in the different sub-catchments were first identified using a simple approach based on the gap between the Water Framework Directive (WFD) limits for “Good” ecological status for soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations and the recently observed concentrations. Modeling of different mitigation scenarios was then conducted using the MultiCRAFT framework with the best-performing variant of the CRAFT model embedded. The catchment was found to have flashy, episodic delivery of high concentrations of SRP and PP during runoff events which will require different sources (i.e., diffuse and point) of P to be targeted to achieve the WFD targets by the end of the decade. The modeling results thus showed that the required SRP load reductions could be best achieved using a combined scenario of mitigation measures that targeted diffuse sources contributing to both the surface runoff and fast-subsurface flow pathways, with point sources also identified as needing reduction in some sub-catchments.
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来源期刊
Hydrology
Hydrology Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth-Surface Processes
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
21.90%
发文量
192
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences, including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology, hydrogeology and hydrogeophysics. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, ecohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, data and information sciences, civil and environmental engineering are within scope. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site. Studies focused on urban hydrological issues are included.
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