俄国扩张与乌克兰国家地位:17 - 21世纪的历史现实

Tetіana Chubina, Yanina Fedorenko
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Taking into account the specifics of the chosen topic, we have highlighted five chronological periods during which russia pursued an expansionist policy with the aim of destroying Ukrainian statehood. The first period (17th –18th centuries) covers the stage of the initial phase of russian expansion, starting with the Pereyaslav Council, when all the top leadership of the Ukrainian Cossack state, led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, swore allegiance to the moscow tsar, and to the aggressive policy of Peter I and his successors, as a result of which at the end of the 18th century 80% of Ukrainian lands were part of the russian empire. The second period (the 19th – the early 20th century) – was a time when the russian authorities directed their efforts to maintain the previously captured territories of Ukraine and tried to implement the «Novorossiia» project in the south of the country without much success. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文从绝对主义范式的角度分析了俄罗斯400年来的扩张过程,这一过程不仅旨在吞并乌克兰领土,而且还致力于破坏乌克兰国家和乌克兰民族。文章的目的-分析政治,经济,精神和文化因素,说明17 - 21世纪俄罗斯实施旨在破坏乌克兰国家和乌克兰民族的扩张过程科学新奇-俄罗斯在乌克兰领土上的扩张政策的实施,从1654年到现在,进行了全面调查。提出了俄国在17 - 21世纪扩张的分期。结论。考虑到所选主题的具体情况,我们强调了俄罗斯以摧毁乌克兰国家地位为目的奉行扩张主义政策的五个时间顺序时期。第一个时期(17 - 18世纪)涵盖了俄罗斯扩张的初始阶段,从佩列亚斯拉夫会议开始,当时以博赫丹·赫梅利尼茨基(Bohdan Khmelnytsky)为首的乌克兰哥萨克国家的所有最高领导人宣誓效忠莫斯科沙皇,以及彼得一世及其继任者的侵略政策,结果在18世纪末80%的乌克兰土地成为俄罗斯帝国的一部分。第二个时期(19世纪- 20世纪初)-是俄罗斯当局指示他们努力维持乌克兰以前占领的领土,并试图在该国南部实施“新罗西亚”项目,但没有取得多大成功的时期。第三个时期(1922 - 1991)涵盖了乌克兰作为苏联一部分的历史,其主要特征是乌克兰领土的完全占领,以及使用镇压、饥荒、驱逐、完全俄罗斯化、破坏民族自我认同等方法说服人民的政策。第四阶段(1991年至2013年)——从乌克兰宣布独立开始的历史时期,俄乌关系陷入困境,结果是俄罗斯联邦寻求报复,试图在政治、经济和文化上削弱我们的国家,同时在西方伙伴眼中损害我们的国家。第五个时期(2014年至今)是俄乌战争时期,在此期间,侵略者试图征服乌克兰的领土,剥夺乌克兰的独立,以及乌克兰人民,以夺回失去的领土,并成为全球世界体系中的一个成熟的参与者。因此,在研究了17世纪至21世纪俄罗斯的扩张之后,我们可以得出结论,在我们强调的所有五个时期或乌克兰过去400年的历史中,东北邻国的政策旨在吞并乌克兰领土和破坏国家地位。侵略者为了达到自己设定的目的,动用了军事、政治、文化、精神等全部因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
RUSSIAN EXPANSION AND THE UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD: HISTORICAL REALITIES OF THE 17th – 21th CENTURIES
In the article the process of expansion by russia is analyzed, which, through the prism of the absolutist paradigm, for 400 years directed its efforts not only to the annexation of the territory of Ukraine, but also to the destruction of Ukrainian statehood and the Ukrainian nation. The purpose of article – analysis of political, economic, spiritual and cultural factors that illustrate the process of the implementation of russian expansion aimed at the destruction of Ukrainian statehood and the Ukrainian nation during the 17th – 21st centuries Scientific novelty – the implementation of Russia’s expansionist policy on the territory of Ukraine, starting from 1654 and up to the present time, is comprehensively investigated. The periodization of russian expansion during the 17th – 21th centuries is suggested. Conclusions. Taking into account the specifics of the chosen topic, we have highlighted five chronological periods during which russia pursued an expansionist policy with the aim of destroying Ukrainian statehood. The first period (17th –18th centuries) covers the stage of the initial phase of russian expansion, starting with the Pereyaslav Council, when all the top leadership of the Ukrainian Cossack state, led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, swore allegiance to the moscow tsar, and to the aggressive policy of Peter I and his successors, as a result of which at the end of the 18th century 80% of Ukrainian lands were part of the russian empire. The second period (the 19th – the early 20th century) – was a time when the russian authorities directed their efforts to maintain the previously captured territories of Ukraine and tried to implement the «Novorossiia» project in the south of the country without much success. The third period (1922 – 1991) covers the history of Ukraine as part of the Soviet Union, the main characteristics of which were the complete occupation of the territory of Ukraine and the policy of persuasion of the population using such methods as repression, famine, deportation, total russification, destruction of national self-identification, etc. The fourth period (1991 – 2013) – the historical period that began with the declaration of Ukraine’s independence and was marked by difficult russian-Ukrainian relations, as a result of which the russian federation, seeking revenge, tried to politically, economically, and culturally weaken our country, at the same time compromising it in the eyes of its Western partners. The fifth period (2014 – nowadays) – the period of the russian-Ukrainian war, during which the aggressor is trying to conquer the territory of Ukraine, deprive it of its independence, and the Ukrainian people – to win back the lost territories and become a full-fledged player in the global world system. Thus, having studied the russian expansion during the 17th – 21st centuries, we can draw conclusions that during all the five periods we have highlighted or the last 400 years of the history of Ukraine, the policy of the north-eastern neighbor was aimed at the annexation of Ukrainian territories and the destruction of statehood. To achieve the goal set for himself, the aggressor used the entire set of military, political, cultural, and spiritual factors.
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