低能宇宙射线:密集星际介质的调节器

IF 27.8 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Stefano Gabici
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引用次数: 7

摘要

低能宇宙射线(高达GeV能量域)在星际介质最致密阶段的物理和化学中起着至关重要的作用。与星际电离辐射不同,它们可以穿透大柱密度的气体,到达分子云核心。通过维持一个很小但不可忽略的气体电离率,它们决定了等离子体和磁场之间的耦合,这反过来影响了云的动态演化,并影响了恒星和行星的形成过程。星际云中氢分子的宇宙射线电离也推动了丰富的星际化学,这是通过观察从亚毫米到可视波段的广泛电磁波谱区域的光谱线所揭示的。天体物理学各个分支最近的一些发展,使我们对低能宇宙射线有了前所未有的认识。对这类粒子强度的精确测量和限制现在既可用于非常局部的星际介质,也可用于遥远的星际云。对这些最新数据的解释目前存在争议,新出现的图像要求重新评估用来描述银河系中低能宇宙射线的起源和/或传输的情景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Low-energy cosmic rays: regulators of the dense interstellar medium

Low-energy cosmic rays: regulators of the dense interstellar medium

Low-energy cosmic rays (up to the GeV energy domain) play a crucial role in the physics and chemistry of the densest phase of the interstellar medium. Unlike interstellar ionising radiation, they can penetrate large column densities of gas, and reach molecular cloud cores. By maintaining there a small but not negligible gas ionisation fraction, they dictate the coupling between the plasma and the magnetic field, which in turn affects the dynamical evolution of clouds and impacts on the process of star and planet formation. The cosmic-ray ionisation of molecular hydrogen in interstellar clouds also drives the rich interstellar chemistry revealed by observations of spectral lines in a broad region of the electromagnetic spectrum, spanning from the submillimetre to the visual band. Some recent developments in various branches of astrophysics provide us with an unprecedented view on low-energy cosmic rays. Accurate measurements and constraints on the intensity of such particles are now available both for the very local interstellar medium and for distant interstellar clouds. The interpretation of these recent data is currently debated, and the emerging picture calls for a reassessment of the scenario invoked to describe the origin and/or the transport of low-energy cosmic rays in the Galaxy.

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来源期刊
The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review
The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
45.00
自引率
0.80%
发文量
7
期刊介绍: The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review is a journal that covers all areas of astronomy and astrophysics. It includes subjects related to other fields such as laboratory or particle physics, cosmic ray physics, studies in the solar system, astrobiology, instrumentation, and computational and statistical methods with specific astronomical applications. The frequency of review articles depends on the level of activity in different areas. The journal focuses on publishing review articles that are scientifically rigorous and easily comprehensible. These articles serve as a valuable resource for scientists, students, researchers, and lecturers who want to explore new or unfamiliar fields. The journal is abstracted and indexed in various databases including the Astrophysics Data System (ADS), BFI List, CNKI, CNPIEC, Current Contents/Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences, Dimensions, EBSCO Academic Search, EI Compendex, Japanese Science and Technology, and more.
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