Environmental Impact and Mitigation Benefits of Urban Heat Island Effect: A Systematic Review

The high temperature in city centres and urban areas than their surroundings, known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, which causes discomfort to city dwellers in the summer season, is gaining much attention worldwide as the world continues to urbanize. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon where urban areas are experiencing high temperature than the surrounding rural areas. The current rapid urbanization in India cause of temperature rises, undeniable climatic changes etc. because of it heat island phenomenon occur which call for a need to address the issue of its consequences and awareness. To counterbalance this, various mitigation strategies has been introduced and new technologies are developed which helps in identifying the hot pockets in a city. Due to the seriousness of the problem, extensive research has been done and a lot of literature study of the subject is available. The literature in this domain provides the most up-to-date research methods, concepts, procedures, investigative tools, and mitigation strategies. The aim of this paper is to present state of the art on environmental benefits of UHI mitigation applied at city scale level like benefits of green roof, high albedo material, water body, modification in building envelope and also suggest that future study should concentrate on design and planning characteristics in order to minimize the level of urban heat island and, as a result, live in a better environment.