国家支持ATO/OOS退伍军人的心理康复项目

Oksana Gryb, Petro Sivchuk
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摘要

本文主要探讨了反恐/环保退伍军人心理康复的特殊性,以及国家在让战斗人员回归和平生活的过程中所面临的挑战。在国家支持背景下ATO / OOS退伍军人心理康复领域研究的理论分析的输入表明,单一的方案尚未开发。这项工作的目的是确定国家机构和国际公共组织为ATO / OOS退伍军人提供心理援助的某些活动领域。迄今为止,乌克兰已通过了若干法律,确定了对军人及其家属的社会和法律保护,并规定了心理康复程序。退伍军人事务部根据国外经验和国际慈善基金会制定了一些项目,以改进心理康复的方法。因此,2019年,在联合国人口基金乌克兰方案框架内,启动了为反恐/环保行动参与者及其家属提供社会和心理援助流动大队试点项目,并取得了积极成果。流动大队的主要目的是确定并向ATO / OOS参与者及其家属提供紧急和有计划的社会和心理援助。流动小组的主要任务包括:确保无法独自克服危机或寻求帮助的退伍军人获得社会和心理援助;对退伍军人及其家属进行危机和紧急干预和支助,以解决危机;根据个人需要提供点对点服务,以改善融入社会、社会化和克服困难的生活环境的条件。研究结果表明,国家计划的制定兼顾了ATO / OOS退伍军人的身体和心理康复,但在个人工作领域存在问题。利用国际经验和组织向退伍军人及其家属提供心理援助的试点项目有助于克服这一问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychological rehabilitation programs in the context of state support for ATO/OOS veterans
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of psychological rehabilitation of anti-terrorist operation/environmental protection veterans, the challenges facing the state in the process of returning combatants to a peaceful life. The input of the theoretical analysis of research in the field of psychological rehabilitation of ATO / OOS veterans in the context of state support states that a single program has not been developed. The purpose of the work is to determine certain areas of activity of state structures and international public organizations to provide psychological assistance to veterans of the ATO / OOS. To date, Ukraine has adopted a number of laws that determine the social and legal protection of servicemen and members of their families, as well as regulate the procedure for psychological rehabilitation. The Ministry of Veterans Affairs has developed programs based on foreign experience, as well as international charitable foundations to improve methods of psychological rehabilitation. Thus, in 2019, within the framework of the UNFPA Ukraine program, a pilot project of mobile brigades of social and psychological assistance to participants in the anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection and members of their families was launched, which showed a positive result. The main purpose of the mobile brigade was to identify and provide emergency and planned social and psychological assistance to participants in the ATO / OOS and their families. Among the main tasks of the mobile team were: ensuring the availability of social and psychological assistance to veterans who cannot overcome the crisis on their own or seek help; crisis and emergency intervention and support to veterans and their families in order to resolve the crisis; providing peer-to-peer services according to individual needs in order to improve the conditions of integration, socialization and overcoming difficult life circumstances. The results of the study show that state programs are developed taking into account both physical and psychological rehabilitation of ATO / OOS veterans, but there are problems in the field of individual work. The implementation of international experience and the organization of pilot projects to provide psychological assistance to veterans and their families contribute to overcoming this problem.
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