壳聚糖对热带、亚热带水果采后真菌的抑菌活性研究

P. Gutiérrez-Martínez, Aide Ledezma-Morales, Luz del Carmen Romero-Islas, A. Ramos-Guerrero, J. Romero-Islas, C. Rodríguez-Pereida, P. Casas-Junco, L. Coronado-Partida, R. González-Estrada
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引用次数: 14

摘要

本文介绍了壳聚糖(Chi)对果实产孢、菌丝生长、萌发及品质指标的影响。结果表明,壳聚糖对不同水果中分离的多种植物病原菌具有一定的抑制作用。炭疽菌属、镰刀菌属和根霉属的病原体在全世界范围内都与重要的采后疾病损失有关。在纳亚里特,生产者报告说,不仅在田间,而且在其产品的商业链中,收获后损失很大,此外,几种病原体对传统上用于控制疾病的杀菌剂有抗药性。从这个意义上说,本课课组的目标是集中研究替代和有效的方法来控制收获后病害。由于在香蕉、牛油果、芒果和菠萝蜜等重要热带水果中有良好的控制作用,体内结果很有希望。据报道,壳聚糖与GRAS物质结合,以及纳米技术的应用,增强了壳聚糖的抗微生物活性。壳聚糖可替代化学杀菌剂防治水果采后病害。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Antifungal Activity of Chitosan against Postharvest Fungi of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits
In the present chapter, results about the efficacy of chitosan (Chi) on sporulation, myce - lial growth, germination, as well as quality parameters on fruits are shown. The results demonstrate that chitosan can control various phytopathogen isolates from diverse fruits. The pathogens in the genera Colletotrichum , Fusarium , and Rhizopus are involved in important postharvest disease losses throughout the world. In Nayarit, producers had reported high postharvest losses not only at field but also during the commercial chain with their products, besides the resistance of several pathogens to fungicides, which traditionally are applied for controlling diseases. In this sense, the aim of this research group is focused on the research of alternative and effective methods for controlling post - harvest diseases. In vivo results are promising due to a good control in important tropical fruits like banana, avocado, mango, and jackfruit. An enhancement in the chitosan anti - microbial activity is reported with the combination with GRAS substances, as well as the use of nanotechnology. Chitosan can be an environment-friendly alternative to the use of chemical fungicides for controlling postharvest diseases in fruits.
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