An Investigation of Spectroscopic Characterization on Biological Tissue

This paper deals with a novel approach of investigating spectroscopic characterization of different biological tissues (leaf and liver) by colorimetric study where images are taken by a digital camera. Colorimetric study refers to a technique used to evaluate an unknown color in reference to known colors. The method is deployed in this case on the hypothesis that the color spectrums and relative intensities vary for directly transmitted light and light scattered at an angle which provide the tissue characteristics. It carries a huge importance in various practical spheres which includes medical diagnosis too. A collimated beam of light from a white LED is passed through a slide containing the tissue. The values for intensities of the primary colors Red, Green and Blue in the region of the tissues are extracted from the image for both positions. An analysis of these color and intensity values provides information on the morphological structure of the tissue and their optical characteristics. Then different biological tissues (e.g., mango leaf and guava leaf) are analyzed and age of different leaves are characterized according to their light intensities ratio. The ratio is high in matured aged than a tender aged leaf. In case of animal tissue (cow's liver) it is evident that scattering ratio of RGB spectrum is higher of a diseased liver.