Link state and forwarding nodes constraint based DBR in UWSN (LCDBR)

Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is emerging lots of attention due to its various types of characteristics and applications. Distinctive underwater characteristics leads to many challenges such as-high propagation delay, data losses, nodes mobility, localization, nodes deployment while designing any reliable and efficient routing protocol. In this paper, an extension of CDBR (Forwarding nodes Constraint based Depth Based Routing) protocol is proposed named LCDBR (Link state and Forwarding nodes Constraint based Depth Based Routing). In this protocol, packets are sent through the optimal path towards sink because no. of sinks is placed on the surface of water. Also, in multihop transmission forwarding nodes are constrained to only one for energy conservation. Simulations results are conducted through MATLAB which shows that the protocol outperforms CDBR protocol in terms of energy efficiency, packet throughput and end to end delay.