A REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS CLASSES POPULARES EM ZERO: QUESTÕES DE LEGITIMIDADE, AUTORIDADE E ALTERIDADE NA LITERATURA MARGINAL

The term “Marginal Literature” emerged, approximately, in the middle of sixty or seventy decades in Brazil, with a group of writers known as “Mimeograph Generation”, marked by its exclusion from the canon and, therefore, also from the publishing, circulation, and distribution system: canonically and editorially marginalized. There was, also in this period, other peripheral group of writers named “Marginal”, for they represented in their books poor classes. These last kinds of writers, although they denunciate, in their texts, the poor classes situation at Brazilian dictatorial government, weren’t themselves part of the social group thematized on their plot. This wasn’t, in fact, the first time when writers who didn’t belong to the poorest classes wrote a literature that denounced this reality, however this apparent problem redefined actual or contemporary Marginal Literature. This redefinition occurred under the alterity subject, strongly discussed by critics today, in which are interwoven questions about representation’s legitimacy and writer’s authority. This Marginal Literature’s changes on meaning, from sixties to the present day, don’t decay the literature's value of the first marginal writers since literary text is constituted, it-self, by mimetic-representational effect that is always relative, offering just real-represented versions. That is what will be demonstrated in this article with the analyses of a Ignacio’s de Loyola Brandão novel, titled Zero.