人口发病率监测作为制定治疗和预防措施的基础

M. D. Dyachuk, T. S. Hruzeva
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍。预防疾病、及时诊断和有效治疗的措施是根据不同人口群体发病率的特点和趋势的数据制定的,这需要不断进行质量监测。研究的目的。确定乌克兰人口中泌尿生殖系统疾病发病率的特征和趋势。材料和方法。研究采用文献、流行病学和医学统计学方法。在乌克兰人口的发病率和泌尿生殖系统疾病的流行结构估计。人口中泌尿生殖系统疾病的发病率和流行率很高,泌尿生殖系统疾病在发病率结构中排名第三,在所有疾病的发病率结构中排名第五。1991-2017年期间指标动态的负面趋势被揭示出来,特别是乌克兰人口的泌尿生殖系统疾病发病率增加了58.8%,患病率增加了87.2%,包括儿童,分别增加了2倍和83.2%。不同年龄和性别群体的发病结构具有特点。结果发现,女性人群泌尿生殖系统疾病的发病率高于男性(高出4.5倍);在劳动年龄人口中——是超过健全年龄人口的2.0倍;城市人口比农村人口高49.8%。揭示了某些疾病形式的发病率差异取决于人口的年龄和性别。对乌克兰某些行政区域泌尿生殖系统疾病的发病率和流行率进行了估计。对统计信息的分析揭示了人口中泌尿生殖系统疾病发病率增加的显著率和负向趋势,以及病理在地区、性别和年龄方面的流行特征。已确定的特点和趋势需要进一步深入研究,并在制定医疗预防措施时加以考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Population morbidity monitoring as a basis for the development of treatment and preventive measures
Introduction. Measures for the prevention of diseases, their timely diagnosis and effective treatment are based on data on the features and trends of morbidity in different groups of the population, which requires constant quality monitoring. The Aim of the Study. to identify the features and trends in the incidence of the genitourinary system diseases among the population of Ukraine. Material and Methods. When performing research bibliographic, epidemiological and medical-statistical methods were used. Results. The structure of incidence and prevalence of the genitourinary system diseases in population of Ukraine is estimated. High levels of incidence and prevalence of the genitourinary system diseases among the population are established, as evidenced by the third ranked place of urugenital diseases in the structure of incidence and the fifth place — in the structure of the prevalence of all diseases. The negative tendencies in the indicators dynamics during 1991–2017 were revealed, in particular, the increase in the incidence of the genitourinary system diseases of Ukrainian population by 58.8 %, prevalence – by 87.2 %, including among children – by 2 times and by 83.2 % respectively. The structure of morbidity in different age and sex groups is characterized. It was found that the incidence of diseases of the genitourinary system of the female population was higher than that of males (by 4.5 times); of the working age population – by 2.0 times compared to the population older than the able-bodied age; of urban population – by 49.8 % higher compared with rural. The differences in the incidence of certain nosological forms depending on the age of the population and the sex are revealed. The estimation of incidence and prevalence of diseases of the genitourinary system in certain administrative territories of Ukraine is given. Conclusions. The analysis of statistical information revealed significant rates and negative tendencies in the increase of the morbidity of the population for diseases of the genitourinary system, features of the prevalence of pathology in the regional, sexual, and age aspects. The established features and trends require further indepth study and taking into account in the development of medical-preventive measures.
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