Dynamics of monthly amount of rainfall in the territory of Kharkiv region

The purpose of this article is the spatio-temporal analysis of the monthly rainfall in the territory of Kharkiv region during the year. To determine the dynamics of the territory humidity y, the time series of the monthly amount of precipitation at ten meteorological stations of the oblast were used for two periods: 1961-1990 and 1961-2016. Using statistical methods, features of the monthly precipitation amount distribution for twelve months were determined. The main material. Modern climatic changes, expressed in high air temperatures, are crucial for the formation of moisture within the country or region. Humidification regime is formed under the influence of both large-scale atmospheric processes and physical and geographical factors of the investigated area: landscape, presence of water objects, vegetation cover. The value of the monthly rainfall in winter indicates that in the decade of 1961-1970 it was characterized by an increase of up to 13 mm at all stations in the region. During the next decades arid conditions were observed at the rest of meteorological stations. Significant decrease in the amount of precipitation was observed in the period between 1991-2000at the station Velykyi Burluk (13 mm). In the spring period, there is a general trend towards a slight increase in the amount of precipitation. The value of monthly rainfall in the summer and autumn has a tendency to growth. The analysis of the calculated average parameters and the probability of atmospheric precipitation have showed that changes in the amount of precipitation in the region are characterized by high temporal variability. The change in rainfall is volatile in 2-3 years. Conclusions and further research. By comparing the data for two periods (1961-1990, 1961-2016), the peculiarities of changes in the amount of precipitation during the second half of the last century and the beginning of this century were revealed in the region. It has been established that the precipitation is characterized by high variability over the territory, which is reflected in the humidification regime. In general, there is a tendency to a decrease in the amount of precipitation in November-March periods. The spatial-temporal changes in the amount of atmospheric precipitation in the territory of Kharkiv region by seasons have been revealed: their changes at stations have the greatest amplitudes in winter; maximum values are fixed in the summer. The unstable moisture regime remains in the spring and autumn.