以通信为中心的复杂汽车嵌入式系统设计

A. Hamann, D. Dasari, S. Kramer, M. Pressler, Falk Wurst
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引用次数: 57

摘要

像发动机管理系统这样的汽车嵌入式应用由多个功能组件组成,这些组件通过大量的通信依赖关系和密集的数据共享紧密耦合,同时还具有实时性要求。为了应对复杂性,特别是在多核环境下,采用各种通信机制来确保数据的一致性和功能因果链的时间确定性。然而,现有的时序分析方法通常只支持非常基本的通信模型,这些模型需要扩展以处理涉及更复杂通信语义的工业级问题的分析。在这项工作中,我们概述了汽车行业中使用的通信语义以及在设计过程中要考虑的不同约束。我们还提出了一种模型转换方法,以增加当前时序分析方法的表达性,使它们能够处理更复杂的通信语义。我们将这种转换方法用于两种通信语义的具体实现,即隐式通信和LET通信。我们将讨论基于完全成熟的引擎管理系统对端到端延迟和通信开销的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Communication Centric Design in Complex Automotive Embedded Systems
Automotive embedded applications like the engine management system are composed of multiple functional components that are tightly coupled via numerous communication dependencies and intensive data sharing, while also having real-time requirements. In order to cope with complexity, especially in multi-core settings, various communication mechanisms are used to ensure data consistency and temporal determinism along functional cause-effect chains. However, existing timing analysis methods generally only support very basic communication models that need to be extended to handle the analysis of industry grade problems which involve more complex communication semantics. In this work, we give an overview of communication semantics used in the automotive industry and the different constraints to be considered in the design process. We also propose a method for model transformation to increase the expressiveness of current timing analysis methods enabling them to work with more complex communication semantics. We demonstrate this transformation approach for concrete implementations of two communication semantics, namely, implicit and LET communication. We discuss the impact on end-to-end latencies and communication overheads based on a full blown engine management system.
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