‘This is a second-class citizen thing!’: Educating justice-oriented citizenship through critical literacy in elementary social studies

This qualitative case study examined how a class of fifth graders developed critical consciousness through critical literacy and social studies education. Activities in the class centred upon discussions of social justice-oriented texts. Findings revealed that when students engaged in texts dealing with social justice issues, they were able to take a critical stance on them. Based on the contextualized understanding of the texts, counternarratives and society, the students expanded their critical conversations about issues of power and privilege, especially white privilege. Critical literacy helped them internalize democratic values and civic virtues. Ultimately, this study provided a venue for children to increase agency and develop critical sociopolitical awareness as justice-oriented citizens who seek equity in our society.