活体供体肾移植和肾切除术后患者的勃起功能障碍:文献综述

Z. Kadyrov, A. Y. Odilov, F. S. Sadulloev, M. Faniev, S. Suleymanov, E. I. Rossoshanskaya
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摘要

Аnalysis的世界文献显示,性功能障碍是慢性肾功能衰竭患者和肾移植后的一个共同问题,无论男女,这需要专家的适当关注。性功能障碍的病因仍然是多因素的,与氮血症水平、合并症、年龄、贫血、激素紊乱、自主神经病变、血管疾病、甲状旁腺功能亢进、高催乳素血症、药物副作用和社会心理因素有关。性功能障碍严重影响患者的社会和家庭生活质量。一方面,在大多数情况下,肾移植术后患者的预期寿命增加,生活质量提高。由于荷尔蒙失调的正常化,它改善了性健康(性欲),整体健康和生育能力。另一方面,肾移植后,男性和女性性功能障碍的患病率仍为46%。肾移植后,许多患者的勃起功能得到改善,一些患者恢复。然而,并不是所有的作者都注意到肾移植后性功能障碍的改善,并留下了这个问题。如果不影响移植物的功能,口服药物的保守治疗与海绵体注射或手术治疗相比是最有利的。肾移植后的性功能障碍仍然是一种多因素疾病,其纠正方法,特别是在年轻患者中,仍然是一个迫切的问题,需要进一步研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Erectile dysfunction in patients after kidney transplantation and nephrectomy in living donors: literature review
Аnalysis of the world literature shows that sexual dysfunction is a common problem in patients with chronic renal failure and after kidney transplantation in both men and women, which requires proper attention of specialists. The etiology of sexual dysfunction remains multifactorial and is associated with the level of azotemia, comorbidities, age, anemia, hormonal disorders, autonomic neuropathy, vascular diseases, hyperparathyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, drug side effects, and psychosocial factors. Sexual dysfunctions have a serious impact on the quality of social and family life of patients. On the one hand, in most cases, there is an increase in life expectancy and an improvement in the quality of life of patients after kidney transplantation. Due to the normalization of hormonal disorders, it improves sexual health (libido), overall health and fertility. On the other hand, after kidney transplantation, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction still remains at 46 % in both men and women. After kidney transplantation, erectile function in many patients improves and some recover. However, not all authors note an improvement in sexual dysfunction after kidney transplantation and leave the problem open. Conservative therapy with oral forms of drugs is most advantageous compared to cavernous injections or surgical treatment, if it does not affect the function of the graft. Sexual disorders after kidney transplantation remain a multifactorial disorder, and methods of their correction, especially in young patients, remain an urgent problem and require further study. 
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