Exercise regulates TFEB expression to influence body metabolism

Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body. It is also the regulator of glucose homeostasis and is responsible for 80% of postprandial glucose uptake from the circulation. Skeletal muscle is crucial to metabolism, both for its role in glucose uptake and for its importance in exercise and metabolic disease. In this article, we outline the importance of skeletal muscle in metabolism, describe its role in glucose uptake and the diseases associated with dysmetabolism of skeletal muscle. We focus on the role of skeletal muscle in peripheral insulin resistance and the potential of skeletal muscle-targeted therapies in combating insulin resistance and diabetes, as well as other metabolic diseases such as ageing and obesity. In particular, we outline the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic diseases, including a focus on the TFEB nucleus, which is an important regulator of glucose transport to skeletal muscle. In this article, we give an overview to summarise and discuss the important role of TFEB in metabolic and adaptive responses during exercise.